SOME TERMS A PHARMACY STUDENT SHOULD KNOW

[Shamim Ansary]

Following are some matters which are dealt in Pharmacy:

Pharmaceutical chemistry emphasizes the application of chemical sciences to pharmacy. Some of the courses deal with chemicals used as medicines - their use, nature, preparation and preservation. In other courses, attention is given to the processes and tests used to determine the purity and strength of a chemical or its pharmaceutical form. The pharmacy student learns, for example, how to find out if aspirin is pure, or how to determine how much vitamin C is contained in a particular solution or tablet.

Pharmacognosy deals with the nature and sources of "natural drugs" - those obtained from plants or animals, either directly or indirectly. For example, with a drug such as quinine, this study involves the source, the commercial production, the marketing, the chief pure chemicals contained in the drug, and the uses made of the drug and its derivatives.

Pharmacology is concerned with understanding the action of drugs in the body. Attention is given to the effects of various doses of each medicinal substance and to the different ways in which medicine can be introduced into the body. The effects of poisons and the means to overcome them are studied in toxicology. Generally, animal tests are required to learn the strength of drugs. Physicians know a great deal about pharmacology and toxicology; yet, as the expert about drugs, the pharmacist must maintain this knowledge to an even greater extent.

Education in modern business management is important for graduates who plan to enter community pharmacy and some institution practices. This area is commonly designated pharmacy administration. Instruction frequently includes principles of basic economics, accounting, management, computer applications, marketing, merchandising, and legal phases of the profession of pharmacy. Courses in pharmacy administration are especially helpful to pharmacists who become executives in pharmacies, hospitals, service wholesale houses, or manufacturing.

The profession of pharmacy has embraced a practice philosophy called pharmaceutical care. Specifically, pharmaceutical care is defined as commitment of the pharmacist to design, implement and monitor patient drug therapy for the purpose of achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes with the ultimate goal of improving the patient's quality of life.

All academies of pharmacy offer a variety of courses in pharmacy practice. These courses are designed to give an appreciation of the background and nature of the profession, to familiarize students with the many skilled processes used in pharmacy, to introduce the various forms of medicines, and to teach them how to dispense medication accurately and skillfully. Instruction in pharmacy practice again emphasizes the fact that pharmacy blends science and technology, and that throughout the professional services of the pharmacist there is a continuous responsibility both to the patient and the physician. Instruction in the pharmaceutical sciences and in the professional areas (except for most of the administration courses) includes some laboratory work. This laboratory work is both traditional and clinical. Laboratory instruction explores various scientific phenomena, as well as studies the clinical application of the principles of pharmaceutical sciences. Pharmacy practice is that area within the pharmacy curriculum which deals with patient care, placing an emphasis on drug therapy. Pharmacy practice seeks to develop a patient-oriented attitude in the student. The education of pharmacists who are able to meet the needs of society can be attained only through a careful blending of theoretical course work and clinical experiences.

The clinical component of the pharmacy curriculum varies from school to school, however, the basic objectives are the same. Some of these objectives are:

•   to develop students' communication skills for effective interaction with patients and with practitioners of other health professions,
•   to help students develop a patient awareness in the practice of pharmacy
•   to enable students to integrate the knowledge acquired in course work prior to clinical exposure, and to apply it to the solution of real problems, and
•   to develop students' awareness of their responsibility for monitoring the drugs taken by patients.
•   to help students become more aware of the general methods of diagnosis and patient care specifically related to drug therapy

[jafar_bre]

                                25 Important Terms Every Teaching Student Should Know

There are many teaching terms that you will inevitably have to learn as you enter a professional education career. It is important to get a feel for the teaching lingo whether you are a prospective educator or a parent who will be interacting with teachers. The following are the 25 most important terms every teaching student should know:

1. Alternative Assessment: Requires performing a task rather than multiple or fill-in-the-blank.

2. Assessment: Studying or judging what the child knows and doesn't know.

3. Authentic Assessment: Requires performing a task to demonstrate knowledge or competence.

4. Balanced Reading: Combining intense phonics and whole language instruction.

5. Collaborative Education: Students cooperate on group projects for a common grade.

6. Direct Instruction: Intensive small group instruction using a set of prescriptive materials.

7. Enrichment: Often provided for gifted students.

8. Fine Motor Skills: Require using smallest muscles for very slight controlled movements.

9. Gross Motor Skills: Require using largest muscles for grand motions like walking or running.

10. High Stakes Tests: Testing students at specific grade levels to see if they're meeting standards.

11. IQ: A measure of an individual's ability to learn.

12. Inference: To draw a conclusion from the information presented.

13. Learning Styles: Everyone has different learning styles, including tactile, auditory and visual.

14. Mainstreaming: Special needs kids join the rest of the students for lunch, assemblies and some classes.

15. Norm-Referenced Tests: Produce scores to compare children at similar ages and grade levels.

16. Open-ended Activities: Where there is no correct answer, or many ways to find the answer.

17. Phonics: Learning to read by sounding out words.

18. Portfolio Assessment: Assessing a collection of activities or projects over a period of time.

19. Professional Development: Classes, seminars or workshops towards teacher recertification.

20. Remediation: Re-teaching skills that the child did not master during regular classroom instruction.

21. Rubric: Instrument used to grade alternative or performance assessments.

22. Special Education: Classes for giftedness, speech, language, deaf education and various disabilities.

23. Standardized Tests: Tests given across a district, state or nation.

24. Visual Discrimination: Ability of the eye to see letter differences.

25. Whole Language: Immersion in the printed word to help children interpret the printed word like they do the spoken word.

link also be here
http://ezinearticles.com/?25-Important-Terms-Every-Teaching-Student-Should-Know&id=3852673

JAFAR IQBAL
 ID: 091-27-128
Department of Real Estate
Daffodil International University

[shohel]

Thanks both Mr. Ansary and Jafar for your time demand and meaningful post.I belive it will attack the related students of DIU.




Sohel

[jafar_bre]

really interesting  we always ins pair me ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, thanks