166
BBA Discussion Forum / Re: Balanced development of global business
« on: March 11, 2017, 12:57:20 PM »
Thank you.
worth reading
worth reading
News:
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167
BBA Discussion Forum / Re: Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI)
« on: March 11, 2017, 12:56:14 PM »
Good one.
Indeed, we are doing it.
Indeed, we are doing it.
168
Business Administration / Re: How Real Estate Industry has been Affected by land Problem In Bangladesh???
« on: March 11, 2017, 12:54:49 PM »
Pleasure sir
169
Business Administration / Re: Finance Terminologies
« on: March 11, 2017, 12:54:25 PM »
31. Bankruptcy
The legal mechanism by which creditors take the lead over a company after that company could not meet it's debt commitments.
32. Barter
A form of trading where the parties are accepting goods as payment rather than cash.
33. Behavioral finance
The study of investment behavior, based on the belief that investors do not always act rationally.
34. Beta coefficient
A measure of the extent to which the returns on a specific stock move with the stock market.
35. Blue chip Company
Large and creditworthy company. Used in the context of general equities. Company renowned for the quality and wide acceptance of its products or services, and for its ability to make money and pay dividends.
36. Bond indenture
A legal document specifying the rights and obligations of both the issuing firm and the bondholders.
37. Bond rating
A rating based on the possibility of default by a bond issuer. The ratings range from AAA (highly unlikely to default) to D (in default).
38. Bond
A security that obligates the issuer to make specified payments to the holder over a period of time.
39. Bid Price
That a trader of foreign exchange (typically a bank) is willing to pay for a particular currency.
40. Bid-asked spread
Difference between the price at which a bank is willing to buy a currency and the price at which it will sell that currency.
The legal mechanism by which creditors take the lead over a company after that company could not meet it's debt commitments.
32. Barter
A form of trading where the parties are accepting goods as payment rather than cash.
33. Behavioral finance
The study of investment behavior, based on the belief that investors do not always act rationally.
34. Beta coefficient
A measure of the extent to which the returns on a specific stock move with the stock market.
35. Blue chip Company
Large and creditworthy company. Used in the context of general equities. Company renowned for the quality and wide acceptance of its products or services, and for its ability to make money and pay dividends.
36. Bond indenture
A legal document specifying the rights and obligations of both the issuing firm and the bondholders.
37. Bond rating
A rating based on the possibility of default by a bond issuer. The ratings range from AAA (highly unlikely to default) to D (in default).
38. Bond
A security that obligates the issuer to make specified payments to the holder over a period of time.
39. Bid Price
That a trader of foreign exchange (typically a bank) is willing to pay for a particular currency.
40. Bid-asked spread
Difference between the price at which a bank is willing to buy a currency and the price at which it will sell that currency.
170
Business Administration / Re: Finance Terminologies
« on: March 11, 2017, 12:53:49 PM »
21. ASSET
Any item of economic value owned by an individual or corporation, especially that which could be converted to cash.
22. ARBITRAGE
The simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset in order to profit from a difference in the price.
23. AMERICAN OPTION
An option which can be exercised at any time between the purchase date and the expiration date.
23. ABNORMAL RETURN
A term used to describe the returns generated by a given security or portfolio over a period of time that is different from the expected rate of return.
24. ASKED PRICE
The price a seller is willing to accept for a security, also known as the offer price. Along with the price, the ask quote will generally also stipulate the amount of the security willing to be sold at that price.
25. Auction market
The most integrated market is an auction market, in which all traders’ coverage at one place to buy or sell an asset.
26. Asset allocation
The process of deciding how to distribute an investor’s wealth among different asset classes for investment purposes.
27. Asset pricing model
A model for determining the required or expected rate of return on an asset. See Also Capital Asset Pricing Model and Arbitrage Pricing Theory.
28. Balance sheet
A financial snapshot, taken at a point in time of all the assets the company owns and all the claims against those assets.
29. Balloon payment
A payment on debt that is much larger than other payments. The ultimate balloon payment is the entire principal at maturity.
30. Banker’s acceptance
The short-term promissory notes for which a bank (by having “accepted” them) promises to pay the holder the face amount at maturity.
Any item of economic value owned by an individual or corporation, especially that which could be converted to cash.
22. ARBITRAGE
The simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset in order to profit from a difference in the price.
23. AMERICAN OPTION
An option which can be exercised at any time between the purchase date and the expiration date.
23. ABNORMAL RETURN
A term used to describe the returns generated by a given security or portfolio over a period of time that is different from the expected rate of return.
24. ASKED PRICE
The price a seller is willing to accept for a security, also known as the offer price. Along with the price, the ask quote will generally also stipulate the amount of the security willing to be sold at that price.
25. Auction market
The most integrated market is an auction market, in which all traders’ coverage at one place to buy or sell an asset.
26. Asset allocation
The process of deciding how to distribute an investor’s wealth among different asset classes for investment purposes.
27. Asset pricing model
A model for determining the required or expected rate of return on an asset. See Also Capital Asset Pricing Model and Arbitrage Pricing Theory.
28. Balance sheet
A financial snapshot, taken at a point in time of all the assets the company owns and all the claims against those assets.
29. Balloon payment
A payment on debt that is much larger than other payments. The ultimate balloon payment is the entire principal at maturity.
30. Banker’s acceptance
The short-term promissory notes for which a bank (by having “accepted” them) promises to pay the holder the face amount at maturity.
171
BBA Discussion Forum / Re: Individualism Versus Collectivism (IDV)
« on: March 10, 2017, 12:18:09 PM »
Learned new thing
Thank you sir.
Thank you sir.
172
Business & Entrepreneurship / Stop mobile banking abuses
« on: March 10, 2017, 12:11:42 PM »
Speakers at a programme criticised Thursday abuses of mobile banking that already started affecting the remittance inflow and recommended the central bank to take proper action to address the problem.
They were also critical of publishing expensive annual reports by the banks, which they argued being done by misleading rules and regulations concerned.
The speakers, mostly bankers and academics, were speaking at a programme organised by Bangladesh Institute of Bank Management (BIBM) in the city. They expressed their views on 10 research publications by the BIBM.
Deputy governor of Bangladesh Bank (BB) Abu Hena Mohd. Razee Hassan joined the function as the chief guest while director general of the BIBM Dr Toufic Ahmad Choudhury presided over it.
In response to research findings on the lack of coordination between the off-site and on-site supervision by the central bank, Mr Razee expressed concern that many of the banks send un-reliable data to BB, which was planning to impose penalties for the banks responsible for providing such distorted data.
Khondkar Ibrahim Khaled, a former deputy governor of BB, said some people in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Singapore were involved in sending money by using a particular mobile banking system to their Dhaka destinations and later they [local part of the mobile banking system] were sending the money to their relatives in the country.
He claimed that he saw many people were also active in Singapore and requested the central bank to show its guard as the central bank was more independent now than any time before.
"I saw many doing it just in front of Mostafa Centre of Singapore," Mr Khaled said.
Yasin Ali, a professor (supernumerary) at the BIBM, said the mobile banking was being misused by some people and urged the central bank to devise an appropriate measure to arrest it. "This is very much urgent to arrest such misuses…"
BB deputy governor Mr Razee said the central bank has deployed research teams to find out the genuine reasons behind the fall of remittance by 17 per cent until December last despite the fact that the number of expatriates went up.
SA Chowdhury, a former faculty at the BIBM and a banker, said the government might think possible ways to stop abuse of mobile banking like the ones Sri Lanka and two states of India had introduced.
They launched an anti-hundi programme by giving advance salaries to the expatriates so that they could send their money to their near ones at a time when they receive late salaries.
"To my view this mechanism may work for Bangladesh to arrest the hundi and attract formal ways to send money," Mr Chowdhury said.
Helal Ahmed Chowdhury, another supernumerary professor, said the annual reports sent to the shareholders through the courier services even without proper address, leading to chaos in the annual general meetings.
However, a paper on the mobile banking on financial inclusion finds that there were many challenges in the new type of banking.
While presenting a paper, a faculty of the BIBM Ms Kaniz Rabbi said the recent trend in frauds, extortions and social crimes were being done by using the mobile financial services.
She suggested creation of a national fundamental statistics of the clients called KYC (know your client) to stop the frauds.
A paper on the cost, accessibility and environment aspect of the annual report, the banks and corporate bodies of the country were commonly publishing their annual reports in a bigger size for highlighting their activities.
Presenting another paper, Dr Md Mahabbat Hossian said some information is even being repeated in different sections.
Quoting a commercial bank, he said a bank had published 10,000 copies of annual report for VIPs at a cost of Tk 190 each and 1,46,000 regular copies at a cost of Tk 90 each.
He, however, suggested publishing the abridged version of the annual report to minimise the cost while publishing the details on the websites.
Source: http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2017/03/10/63917/Stop-mobile-banking-abuses
They were also critical of publishing expensive annual reports by the banks, which they argued being done by misleading rules and regulations concerned.
The speakers, mostly bankers and academics, were speaking at a programme organised by Bangladesh Institute of Bank Management (BIBM) in the city. They expressed their views on 10 research publications by the BIBM.
Deputy governor of Bangladesh Bank (BB) Abu Hena Mohd. Razee Hassan joined the function as the chief guest while director general of the BIBM Dr Toufic Ahmad Choudhury presided over it.
In response to research findings on the lack of coordination between the off-site and on-site supervision by the central bank, Mr Razee expressed concern that many of the banks send un-reliable data to BB, which was planning to impose penalties for the banks responsible for providing such distorted data.
Khondkar Ibrahim Khaled, a former deputy governor of BB, said some people in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Singapore were involved in sending money by using a particular mobile banking system to their Dhaka destinations and later they [local part of the mobile banking system] were sending the money to their relatives in the country.
He claimed that he saw many people were also active in Singapore and requested the central bank to show its guard as the central bank was more independent now than any time before.
"I saw many doing it just in front of Mostafa Centre of Singapore," Mr Khaled said.
Yasin Ali, a professor (supernumerary) at the BIBM, said the mobile banking was being misused by some people and urged the central bank to devise an appropriate measure to arrest it. "This is very much urgent to arrest such misuses…"
BB deputy governor Mr Razee said the central bank has deployed research teams to find out the genuine reasons behind the fall of remittance by 17 per cent until December last despite the fact that the number of expatriates went up.
SA Chowdhury, a former faculty at the BIBM and a banker, said the government might think possible ways to stop abuse of mobile banking like the ones Sri Lanka and two states of India had introduced.
They launched an anti-hundi programme by giving advance salaries to the expatriates so that they could send their money to their near ones at a time when they receive late salaries.
"To my view this mechanism may work for Bangladesh to arrest the hundi and attract formal ways to send money," Mr Chowdhury said.
Helal Ahmed Chowdhury, another supernumerary professor, said the annual reports sent to the shareholders through the courier services even without proper address, leading to chaos in the annual general meetings.
However, a paper on the mobile banking on financial inclusion finds that there were many challenges in the new type of banking.
While presenting a paper, a faculty of the BIBM Ms Kaniz Rabbi said the recent trend in frauds, extortions and social crimes were being done by using the mobile financial services.
She suggested creation of a national fundamental statistics of the clients called KYC (know your client) to stop the frauds.
A paper on the cost, accessibility and environment aspect of the annual report, the banks and corporate bodies of the country were commonly publishing their annual reports in a bigger size for highlighting their activities.
Presenting another paper, Dr Md Mahabbat Hossian said some information is even being repeated in different sections.
Quoting a commercial bank, he said a bank had published 10,000 copies of annual report for VIPs at a cost of Tk 190 each and 1,46,000 regular copies at a cost of Tk 90 each.
He, however, suggested publishing the abridged version of the annual report to minimise the cost while publishing the details on the websites.
Source: http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2017/03/10/63917/Stop-mobile-banking-abuses
173
BBA Discussion Forum / Re: Private money, public good
« on: March 09, 2017, 07:51:01 PM »
Thanks for sharing
174
BBA Discussion Forum / Efficient Frontier
« on: March 09, 2017, 07:49:16 PM »
The efficient frontier is the set of optimal portfolios that offers the highest expected return for a defined level of risk or the lowest risk for a given level of expected return. Portfolios that lie below the efficient frontier are sub-optimal, because they do not provide enough return for the level of risk.
BREAKING DOWN 'Efficient Frontier'
Since the efficient frontier is curved, rather than linear, a key finding of the concept was the benefit of diversification. Optimal portfolios that comprise the efficient frontier tend to have a higher degree of diversification than the sub-optimal ones, which are typically less diversified. The efficient frontier concept was introduced by Nobel Laureate Harry Markowitz in 1952 and is a cornerstone of modern portfolio theory.
Source: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/efficientfrontier.asp
BREAKING DOWN 'Efficient Frontier'
Since the efficient frontier is curved, rather than linear, a key finding of the concept was the benefit of diversification. Optimal portfolios that comprise the efficient frontier tend to have a higher degree of diversification than the sub-optimal ones, which are typically less diversified. The efficient frontier concept was introduced by Nobel Laureate Harry Markowitz in 1952 and is a cornerstone of modern portfolio theory.
Source: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/efficientfrontier.asp
175
Business & Entrepreneurship / DSE, CSE see upbeat mood
« on: March 09, 2017, 07:45:57 PM »
Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) have been witnessing the upward trend in early trade and data showing that the market remained on upbeat mood over the past few sessions.
After first one hour of trading on Thursday, DSEX, the key index of the DSE, rose over 18.35 points or 0.37% to stand at 4889.63, reports UNB.
The two other indices also saw upbeat note. The DSE Shariah Index (DSES) rose 4.71 points or 0.40% to stand at 1163.01.
The DS30 index, comprising blue chips advanced 3.77 points or 0.21% to stand at 1796.88 points.
Turnover, the vital indicator of the market, stands at Tk 5914.27 million on the DSE at 11:58am, riding on AFTABAUTO and OAL.
Of the issues traded till then, 159 advanced, 101 declined and 47 issues remained unchanged.
AFTABAUTO dominated the turnover chart with shares worth Tk 235.02 million changing hands.
The port city bourse, CSE, also saw positive trend till then with its Selective Category Index – CSCX–advancing 23.01 points to stand at 9133.34 points.
Of the issues traded till then, 93 gained, 64 declined and 37 remained unchanged.
Source: http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/2016/12/08/dse-cse-see-upbeat-mood/
After first one hour of trading on Thursday, DSEX, the key index of the DSE, rose over 18.35 points or 0.37% to stand at 4889.63, reports UNB.
The two other indices also saw upbeat note. The DSE Shariah Index (DSES) rose 4.71 points or 0.40% to stand at 1163.01.
The DS30 index, comprising blue chips advanced 3.77 points or 0.21% to stand at 1796.88 points.
Turnover, the vital indicator of the market, stands at Tk 5914.27 million on the DSE at 11:58am, riding on AFTABAUTO and OAL.
Of the issues traded till then, 159 advanced, 101 declined and 47 issues remained unchanged.
AFTABAUTO dominated the turnover chart with shares worth Tk 235.02 million changing hands.
The port city bourse, CSE, also saw positive trend till then with its Selective Category Index – CSCX–advancing 23.01 points to stand at 9133.34 points.
Of the issues traded till then, 93 gained, 64 declined and 37 remained unchanged.
Source: http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/2016/12/08/dse-cse-see-upbeat-mood/
176
Business & Entrepreneurship / Dhaka stocks end on higher note
« on: March 09, 2017, 07:45:19 PM »
Dhaka stocks ended higher on Wednesday riding on the large and mid-cap stocks as investors continued buying spree ahead of year-end dividend declaration.
DSEX, the benchmark index of the DSE, gained by 21 points or 0.37% only to end at 5626 points.
DS30, the blue chip index went up by 7 points to finish the session at 2,033 points, while DSE Shariah based index ended flat at 1,313 points.
“Market advanced on Wednesday riding on increase in large cap stocks. However, number of issues advanced on Wednesday almost matched number of issues declined,” said IDLC Investments in its market commentary. Activities continued to rise, generating a total turnover of Tk1,309 crore,” it said.
Daily turnover at the Dhaka Stock Exchange stood at Tk1,309 crore posting a 0.9% rise, which was Tk1,298 crore in the previous session.
Of the issues traded, 139 issues advanced, 137 declined and 52 remained unchanged.
Source: http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/stock/2017/02/22/dhaka-stocks-end-higher-note/
DSEX, the benchmark index of the DSE, gained by 21 points or 0.37% only to end at 5626 points.
DS30, the blue chip index went up by 7 points to finish the session at 2,033 points, while DSE Shariah based index ended flat at 1,313 points.
“Market advanced on Wednesday riding on increase in large cap stocks. However, number of issues advanced on Wednesday almost matched number of issues declined,” said IDLC Investments in its market commentary. Activities continued to rise, generating a total turnover of Tk1,309 crore,” it said.
Daily turnover at the Dhaka Stock Exchange stood at Tk1,309 crore posting a 0.9% rise, which was Tk1,298 crore in the previous session.
Of the issues traded, 139 issues advanced, 137 declined and 52 remained unchanged.
Source: http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/stock/2017/02/22/dhaka-stocks-end-higher-note/
177
Business & Entrepreneurship / Monetary policy to remain more of the same
« on: March 09, 2017, 07:39:29 PM »
Bangladesh Bank is likely to continue with the same monetary policy in the second half of the fiscal year due to emergence of some fresh risks.
The risks include the bullish trend in the stockmarket and the rise in default loans.
Though there is a pressure on the central bank for raising the credit growth target to boost investment, there will not be any major change in the next monetary policy statement to be released today, said a BB official.
Besides, the credit growth target set in the monetary policy for the first half of the year is yet to be achieved. As a result, it will remain the same at 16.5 percent.
On June 30 last year, private-sector credit grew 16.78 percent, but in November of the same year, it declined to 15.01 percent.
The government has not been borrowing from the banking system now, so the private sector may use the space fully, the BB official added.
The monetary programme targets need to maintain continuity while becoming a little more ambitious on reducing the inflation target to around 5.5 percent instead of the original 5.8 percent, said Zahid Hussain, lead economist of the World Bank's Dhaka office.
“To reach the new target, the monetary programme may need at best some minor adjustments,” he added.
Inflation in December came down to 5.52 percent whereas the government's target for the whole fiscal year is 5.8 percent. As a result, the central bank has room to entertain some expansionary measures in the monetary policy.
Not just expansionary measures, other factors need to come into play concurrently for investment to rise, according to the BB official.
In this situation, if an expansionary route is taken there is a risk of default loans rising further, he added.
In September last year, default loans accounted for 10.34 percent of the total outstanding loans, up from 10.06 percent in June that year.
Another risk factor is unnecessary credit entering the share market and creating a bubble. In about four months, Dhaka stocks jumped up about 25 percent.
On the other hand, the market capital to GDP ratio increased around 21 percent.
In the new monetary policy, attention will be given to maintaining vibrancy in the stockmarket.
On the other hand, the central bank will remain alert so that there is no repeat of the stockmarket bubble of 2010.
The share market has recently risen beyond what can be expected based on the fundamentals, Hussain said.
“We expect to see a diagnosis of the share price trends in the MPS and moral suasion to prevent herd behaviour that could end up hurting the small investors in particular.”
Hussain said the BB should address the wide disparity in exchange rates found in the official and kerb market as well as the persistence of the non-performing loan problem in the upcoming monetary policy.
“The MPS should tell us what new thinking, if any, the BB has to address the persistence of the NPL problem in the banking sector. Clearly, business as usual is not helping.”
Given these problems, it is critical that the BB refrains from making the monetary programme unnecessarily expansionary relative to the programme announced last July, Hussain added.
Source: http://www.thedailystar.net/business/monetary-policy-remain-more-the-same-1352488
The risks include the bullish trend in the stockmarket and the rise in default loans.
Though there is a pressure on the central bank for raising the credit growth target to boost investment, there will not be any major change in the next monetary policy statement to be released today, said a BB official.
Besides, the credit growth target set in the monetary policy for the first half of the year is yet to be achieved. As a result, it will remain the same at 16.5 percent.
On June 30 last year, private-sector credit grew 16.78 percent, but in November of the same year, it declined to 15.01 percent.
The government has not been borrowing from the banking system now, so the private sector may use the space fully, the BB official added.
The monetary programme targets need to maintain continuity while becoming a little more ambitious on reducing the inflation target to around 5.5 percent instead of the original 5.8 percent, said Zahid Hussain, lead economist of the World Bank's Dhaka office.
“To reach the new target, the monetary programme may need at best some minor adjustments,” he added.
Inflation in December came down to 5.52 percent whereas the government's target for the whole fiscal year is 5.8 percent. As a result, the central bank has room to entertain some expansionary measures in the monetary policy.
Not just expansionary measures, other factors need to come into play concurrently for investment to rise, according to the BB official.
In this situation, if an expansionary route is taken there is a risk of default loans rising further, he added.
In September last year, default loans accounted for 10.34 percent of the total outstanding loans, up from 10.06 percent in June that year.
Another risk factor is unnecessary credit entering the share market and creating a bubble. In about four months, Dhaka stocks jumped up about 25 percent.
On the other hand, the market capital to GDP ratio increased around 21 percent.
In the new monetary policy, attention will be given to maintaining vibrancy in the stockmarket.
On the other hand, the central bank will remain alert so that there is no repeat of the stockmarket bubble of 2010.
The share market has recently risen beyond what can be expected based on the fundamentals, Hussain said.
“We expect to see a diagnosis of the share price trends in the MPS and moral suasion to prevent herd behaviour that could end up hurting the small investors in particular.”
Hussain said the BB should address the wide disparity in exchange rates found in the official and kerb market as well as the persistence of the non-performing loan problem in the upcoming monetary policy.
“The MPS should tell us what new thinking, if any, the BB has to address the persistence of the NPL problem in the banking sector. Clearly, business as usual is not helping.”
Given these problems, it is critical that the BB refrains from making the monetary programme unnecessarily expansionary relative to the programme announced last July, Hussain added.
Source: http://www.thedailystar.net/business/monetary-policy-remain-more-the-same-1352488
179
Business Administration / Re: How Real Estate Industry has been Affected by land Problem In Bangladesh???
« on: March 09, 2017, 04:13:53 PM »
Yes, High to rethink
180
Faculty Forum / Re: The concept of ethics is useless without religious values
« on: March 09, 2017, 02:47:32 PM »
Agreed