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Messages - mahzuba

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226
Faculty Sections / How to make Dal Makhani
« on: November 20, 2013, 01:05:34 PM »
A nice blend of Masoor Dal and Rajma! A spicy dal with a generous touch of butter and cream. Perfect party menu!

Preparation time : 20 mts
Cooking time : 40 mts
Serves : 4 people

Ingredients:

    2 cups Whole Masoor Dal
    1/4 cup Rajma
    2 tsp Ghee
    1 tsp Cumin Seeds
    1 Onion finely chopped
    1 1/2 tsp Garlic paste
    3 Tomatoes pureed
    1 1/2 tsp Coriander powder
    1 1/2 tsp Red Chilli powder
    1 tsp Kasoori methi
    1 stick of Butter
    1 tsp Garam masala
    1/4 cup Cream

Method

    Wash and soak Rajma overnight. Wash and soak Masoor dal for 4 hours. Combine all dals together and pressure cook until 6 to 7 whistles.
    Heat ghee in a pan add cumin seeds, onion and saute till onions get nice golden color.
    Add garlic paste and cook for a minute.
    Add tomato puree, coriander powder, red chilli powder, mix and cook till oil separates from the spices.
    Add boiled dal, mix, add kasoori methi, salt, butter, mix, cover and cook for 15 minutes.
    Add garam masala powder, mix and garnish with cream.


Tips:

    Make use of black urad dal instead of masoor dal.
    Make sure to cook masala well after adding tomato puree.


227
Faculty Sections / Re: Google wins digital library legal battle
« on: November 20, 2013, 10:46:31 AM »
very Interesting

228
like that

231
Teaching & Research Forum / Pulication of my Thesis During B.Sc.
« on: November 17, 2013, 12:16:46 PM »
Our publication on our thesis
"Design and Performance Analysis of 10 GHz Horn Antenna" can be found below link,

http://www.ejournalofscience.org/Archive_June_2012.php


Thanks.

Mahzuba Islam,
Lecturer, EEE Department,
Daffodil International University.

232
Teaching & Research Forum / My publication
« on: November 17, 2013, 12:01:52 PM »
My publication about "Case Study of Grid Connected PV System at Northern
Part of Bangladesh" can be found below,

http://www.ijser.org/onlineResearchPaperViewer.aspx?Case-Study-of-Grid-Connected-PV-System-at-Northern-Part-of-Bangladesh.pdf

233
Faculty Sections / How to make Gulab Jamun
« on: November 17, 2013, 11:39:01 AM »
Gulab Jamun is one of the sweet that you can prepare for almost any occasions. When you make gulab jamun you need to wait for atleast 8 to 10 hours for all the syrup to get absorbed in jamuns. Try this instant recipe for Gulab jamuns and it will be ready on no time. A real time saver...  - See more at: http://www.madhurasrecipe.com/desserts/Gulab-Jamun#sthash.O6JZmlsd.dpuf

Ingredients:
For Sugar Syrup

    1 1/2 cup Sugar
    1 cup Water
    1/4 tsp Cardamom powder
    1 tsp Lemon Juice
    2 drops of Rose Essence

For Gulab Jamuns

    1/2 cup non fat Milk Powder
    1 tbsp Clarified Butter / Desi Ghee
    1 tbsp fine sooji
    1 tbsp Maida
    2 tbsp Milk + 2 tsp if needed
    1/4 tsp Baking Soda
    1 tsp Lemon Juice

Method
For Making Sugar Syrup

    Take sugar in to a sauce pan.
    To that add water, mix and bring that to a boil over high heat.
    Once syrup comes to a boil, lower down the heat to medium and simmer for 5 to 8 mts.
    You don't need the syrup to get one thread consistency.
    After sugar syrup is simmered for 8 mts, turn the heat off.
    Add lemon juice and mix.
    And season the syrup with cardamom powder and rose essence and mix.

For making Jamuns

    Take a milk powder in to bowl.
    To that add maida, sooji, baking soda and mix well.
    Add ghee and lemon juice and mix well, till the time mixture turns crumbly.
    Now add milk and make that in to a soft dough.
    Cover and allow to rest for 5 mts.
    After 5 mts, most of the moisture has been absorbed by sooji.
    Now divide the dough in to small equal portions.
    Deep fry prepared dumplings till it gets deep golden color.
    As soon as the jamuns are fried put them in to hot sugar syrup.
    Let the jamuns soak in syrup for about an hour.

Tips

    Do not overcook sugar syrup, otherwise gulab jamun will not get soaked in the syrup.
    Use fine variety of sooji only.
    After resting the jamun dough, if you find that it has dried out, add little extra milk to make it moist.
    The jamun dough should be moist only, when you roll them in to dumplings.

- See more at: http://www.madhurasrecipe.com/desserts/Gulab-Jamun#sthash.O6JZmlsd.dpuf

234
Faculty Sections / How to make “Especially Dark” Chocolate Cake"
« on: November 17, 2013, 11:28:39 AM »
Homemade Delicious “Especially Dark” Chocolate Cake – The Best Cake Recipe from Hershey’s
Ingredients:
•   1 cups sugar
•   1-3/4 cups all-purpose flour
•   3/4 cup HERSHEY’S SPECIAL DARK Cocoa
•   1-1/2 teaspoons baking powder
•   1-1/2 teaspoons baking soda
•   1 teaspoon salt
•   2 eggs
•   1 cup milk
•   1/2 cup vegetable oil
•   2 teaspoons vanilla extract
•   1 cup boiling strong coffee (pilon)
Directions (cake):
Heat oven to 350°F. Grease and flour two 9-inch round baking pans. (I like to add a round piece of parchment paper to the bottom of my pans but you don’t have to.)
Stir together sugar, flour, cocoa, baking powder, baking soda and salt in large bowl. Add eggs, milk, oil and vanilla; With electric mixer beat on medium speed for 2 minutes. Stir in boiling water (batter will be thin). Pour batter into prepared pans.
Bake 30 to 35 minutes or until wooden pick inserted in center comes out clean. Cool 10 minutes; remove from pans to wire racks. Cool completely. Frost with DARK CHOCOLATE FROSTING. (see recipe below)
DARK CHOCOLATE FROSTING
Ingredients:
•   1/2 cup (1 stick) butter, melted, 113g
•   2/3 cup HERSHEY’S SPECIAL DARK Cocoa
•   1-1/2 cups powdered sugar
•   1/2 cup heavy cream
•   1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Melt butter. Set aside while you mix dry ingredients.
In a mixing bowl, stir together cocoa and powdered sugar then mix in vanilla, heavy cream and butter. Beat with electric mixer until you get a creamy spreading consistency. Add a tablespoon or two of heavy cream if frosting is too dry, or a little extra sugar if too wet.
Makes about 2 cups frosting.

235
Faculty Sections / About Insulator in electrical power system
« on: November 17, 2013, 11:24:23 AM »

Insulator:

An electrical insulator is a material whose internal electric charges do not flow freely, and therefore does not conduct an electric current under the influence of an electric field. A perfect insulator does not exist, but some materials such as glass, paper and Teflon, which have high resistivity, are very good electrical insulators. A much larger class of materials, even though they may have lower bulk resistivity, are still good enough to insulate electrical wiring and cables. Examples include rubber-like polymers and most plastics. Such materials can serve as practical and safe insulators for low to moderate voltages (hundreds, or even thousands, of volts).

Insulators are used in electrical equipment to support and separate electrical conductors without allowing current through themselves. An insulating material used in bulk to wrap electrical cables or other equipment is called insulation. The term insulator is also used more specifically to refer to insulating supports used to attach electric power distribution or transmission lines to utility poles and transmission towers.
Physics of conduction in solids

Electrical insulation is the absence of electrical conduction. Electronic band theory (a branch of physics) says that a charge flows if states are available into which electrons can be excited. This allows electrons to gain energy and thereby move through a conductor such as a metal. If no such states are available, the material is an insulator.

Most (though not all, see Mott insulator) insulators have a large band gap. This occurs because the "valence" band containing the highest energy electrons is full, and a large energy gap separates this band from the next band above it. There is always some voltage (called the breakdown voltage) that gives electrons enough energy to be excited into this band. Once this voltage is exceeded the material ceases being an insulator, and charge begins to pass through it. However, it is usually accompanied by physical or chemical changes that permanently degrade the material's insulating properties.

Materials that lack electron conduction are insulators if they lack other mobile charges as well. For example, if a liquid or gas contains ions, then the ions can be made to flow as an electric current, and the material is a conductor. Electrolytes and plasmas contain ions and act as conductors whether or not electron flow is involved.
Breakdown

When subjected to a high enough voltage, insulators suffer from the phenomenon of electrical breakdown. When the electric field applied across an insulating substance exceeds in any location the threshold breakdown field for that substance, the insulator suddenly becomes a conductor, causing a large increase in current, an electric arc through the substance. Electrical breakdown occurs when the electric field in the material is strong enough to accelerate free charge carriers (electrons and ions, which are always present at low concentrations) to a high enough velocity to knock electrons from atoms when they strike them, ionizing the atoms. These freed electrons and ions are in turn accelerated and strike other atoms, creating more charge carriers, in a chain reaction. Rapidly the insulator becomes filled with mobile charge carriers, and its resistance drops to a low level. In a solid, the breakdown voltage is proportional to the band gap energy. The air in a region around a high-voltage conductor can break down and ionise without a catastrophic increase in current; this is called "corona discharge". However if the region of air breakdown extends to another conductor at a different voltage it creates a conductive path between them, and a large current flows through the air, creating an electric arc. Even a vacuum can suffer a sort of breakdown, but in this case the breakdown or vacuum arc involves charges ejected from the surface of metal electrodes rather than produced by the vacuum itself. In case of some insulators, the conduction may take place at a very high temperature as then the energy acquired by the valence electrons is sufficient to take them into conduction band.
Types of Insulators [4]
Ceramic Insulators on a power line in Poland

Types of Insulator:
    Dead End Suspension Insulators
    Pin Type Insulators
    Line Post Insulators
    Station Post Insulators
    Cut Outs

Cap and pin insulators

Higher voltage transmission lines usually use modular cap and pin insulator designs (pictures, left). The wires are suspended from a 'string' of identical disc-shaped insulators that attach to each other with metal clevis pin or ball and socket links. The advantage of this design is that insulator strings with different breakdown voltages, for use with different line voltages, can be constructed by using different numbers of the basic units. Also, if one of the insulator units in the string breaks, it can be replaced without discarding the entire string.

Each unit is constructed of a ceramic or glass disc with a metal cap and pin cemented to opposite sides. In order to make defective units obvious, glass units are designed with Class B[clarification needed] construction, so that an overvoltage causes a puncture arc through the glass instead of a flashover. The glass is heat-treated so it shatters, making the damaged unit visible. However the mechanical strength of the unit is unchanged, so the insulator string stays together.

Standard disc insulator units are 25 centimetres (9.8 in) in diameter and 15 cm (6 in) long, can support a load of 80-120 kN (18-27 klbf), have a dry flashover voltage of about 72 kV, and are rated at an operating voltage of 10-12 kV.[5] However, the flashover voltage of a string is less than the sum of its component discs, because the electric field is not distributed evenly across the string but is strongest at the disc nearest to the conductor, which flashes over first. Metal grading rings are sometimes added around the disc at the high voltage end, to reduce the electric field across that disc and improve flashover voltage.

In very high voltage lines the insulator may be surrounded by corona rings.[6] These typically consist of toruses of aluminum (most commonly) or copper tubing attached to the line. They are designed to reduce the electric field at the point where the insulator is attached to the line, to prevent corona discharge, which results in power losses.

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