Guidelines for Synopsis & Paper Writing
I) Motivation to start
Discuss the magnitude of the problem
Focus on unanswered questions
Stay focused on the angle of motivation
Who is affected with the problem
Why further search into the dimensions of verification is needed
II) DECISIVE IN SELECTING CHARACTERS FOR INVESTIGATIONS
Persons/ communities
Institutions/organizations
Regions/geography
Government/private decision makers
III) CLARIFY YOUR SPECIFIC APPROACH
ACTION
REACTION
DECISION
OBJECTIVES
IV) THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Argumentation /grounds to support the central Question in the problem
Possible answers suggested by others and critically assessed by you
An exhaustive bibliographic review
Hypothesis
V) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:
General objectives: the state of informal sector of economy is neglected hence should receive greater
focus!!!
Specific objectives: the wages of women workers are lower than men in the informal sector hence the
Unorganized Labor Act is incomplete if it does not address that problem!!!!!
VI) METHODOLOGY (Procedures used to achieve the objectives)
operational definition for the variables used (quantitative/qualitative)
Experimental design based upon objectives
Universe of Study,
Sample Selection and Size, Unit of Analysis and Observation, Selection Criteria
For both probability samples and non-probability samples (samples of convenience or grab samples) the
investigator should indicate the procedure and criteria used and justify the selection and size.
Description of intervention (programme) to answer three fundamental questions: Who will be
responsible for the intervention? Where will it take place? What activities will be performed, and with
what frequency and intensity?
Data Collection Procedures, Instruments Used, and Methods for Data Quality Control
VII) PROCEDURES USED FOR DATA COLLECTION
Procedures that will be used (population survey, in-depth interviews, non-participant observation,
focus group dynamics, content analysis, etc.),
How and when the procedures will be used, and the instruments that will be used to collect information
(questionnaire, interview guide, observation recording form, guide for a focus group moderator, content
analysis guide, etc.).
Procedures or techniques that are standardized and/or documented in the literature should be
described briefly, and
Bibliographic references should be given to sources where the details of these procedures and
techniques can be found.
In secondary data ,the investigator will describe their sources, content, and quality so that it will be
clear that the information required for the study is available
Procedures to Ensure Ethical Considerations in Research with Human Subjects
VIII) PLAN FOR ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Investigator should specify how the variables will be measured?
How they will be presented? (quantitative and/or qualitative), indicating the analytical models and
techniques (statistical, non-statistical, or analytical Techniques for non-numeric data, etc.).
Investigator should provide a preliminary scheme for tabulating the data (especially for variables that
are presented numerically).
Special attention be given to the key variables that will be used in the statistical models.
IX) Finding Solutions
Reaching somewhere
Thank you
Md. Fouad Hossain Sarker
