Daffodil International University
Employability => Employability Skills => Topic started by: Mustafizur rRhman on April 24, 2018, 02:17:55 PM
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PRESENTATION SKILL DEVELOPMENT
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PRESENTATION SKILL DEVELOPMENT
Md. Mustafizur Rahman Sameen
Assistant Professor,Department of English, DIU.
Ph: 01817534271
Google Class Code=6ja48a
Note: No retake of quiz-tests and class presentations will be taken.
THE OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE ARE TO:
* make students understand the importance and kinds of Presentation skills.
* familiarize them with the skills related to Presentation skills.
* facilitate them to overcome their shyness and hesitations and make them confident.
* improve their self esteem.
* make them good presenters.
Outcome of the course:
After completing this course students will be able to:
* give effective presentations in academic and non academic situations.
Overall Evaluation Segments and Marks Distribution:
Evaluation will be based on theirdifferent kind of presentations.
Marks Distribution
Class Attendance and Participations: 0.25x28 classes =07
Assignment Presentation: =05
Class Presentation =08
3 Class Test Presentations (will be averaged) =15
Midterm Test: (08+07+10) [03 Presentations] =25
Final Examination: (15+15+10) [03 Presentations] =40
Total Marks =100
Overall Grading Pattern:
Numeral Grade Letter Grade Numeral Grade Letter Grade
80- Above A+ 55-59 B-
75-79 A 50-54 C+
70-74 A- 45-49 C
65-69 B+ 40-44 D
60-64 B Less than 40 F
Course Policies:
• Classes will be student centered, interactive and performance based.
• All students have to participate/ perform in every class to learn effectively.
• Regular attendance is mandatory.
• Students will not be allowed to enter 5 minutes after the class starts.
• Students have to do their H.Ws/assignments regularly.
• Dates for quizzes/ assignments/presentations/ exams will be announced well in advance, but instant class tests/presentationswill also be taken.
• Quizzes/presentations cannot be missed. No quiz or presentation will be retaken.
EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR PRESENTATION
Name of the Student [in Block Letters] =………………………………………………………………
ID of the Student=………………………………………………………………
No. Areas to Judge Very Good Good Ok Bad Very Bad Comment
05 04 03 02 01
1 Dress up/ Get up and Use of Props
2 Interesting/Innovative starting
3 Standard of the Presentation Topic
4 Standard of the Slides
5 Humor, wit and Real Life examples
6 Complementing Body Language and Facial Expressions
7 Eye Contact and Communication with the Audience
8 Level of Confidence and Self Esteem
9 Attitude, Manner and Smile of the Presenter
10 Voice quality and modulations
11 Emotional/Interesting/Impressing Ending
12 Totality
CLASS PLAN
Class Type: Student Centered Interactive class.
[The course teacher will only facilitate, instruct and guide the students into interesting and effective classroom activities and students will perform accordingly to understand and learn better.]
CLASS NO CONTENT
01 Lesson Objective:
Students will be informed about the course objectives, class room activities, exam instructions and other course related information.
Lesson contents:
Course information
Introductions
What and Why is Presentation Skill?
Classroom Activities:
Individual speaking: Games on Yes Boss/No Boss.
Pair Works: Drill on Observation and Concentration & Creative Activities
Group Works: Playing Memory Games.
Home Work/ Assignment: Identify your limitations as a presenter and make a list of them.
Name of the Book Writer
1 Presentation and Public Speaking. [Classic Publication] S M Wahiduzzaman
Editor: AMM Hamidur Rahman Dean, FHSS, DIU.
2 Effective Presentation Skills: A Practical Guide for Better Speaking Steve Mandel
3 Powerful Presentation Skills: How to Get a Group's Attention, Hold People's Interest and Persuade Them to Act Debra Smith
4 Lecture Booklet Md. Mustafizur Rahman
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Prescribed Books
Name of the Book Writer
1 Presentation and Public Speaking. [Classic Publication] S M Wahiduzzaman
Editor: AMM Hamidur Rahman Dean, FHSS, DIU.
2 Effective Presentation Skills: A Practical Guide for Better Speaking Steve Mandel
3 Powerful Presentation Skills: How to Get a Group's Attention, Hold People's Interest and Persuade Them to Act Debra Smith
4 Lecture Booklet Md. Mustafizur Rahman
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LECTURE SHEETS
ON
PRESENTATION SKILL DEVELOPMENT
MD. MUSTAFIZUR RAHMAN SAMEEN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
PHONE : 01817534271
e-mail: mustafiz@daffodilvarsity.edu.bd
SELF-ESTEEM
Noun (Concise Encyclopedia) Sense of personal worth and ability that is fundamental to an individual's identity.
Question: What Is Self-Esteem?
Answer: In psychology, the term self-esteem is used to describe a person's overall sense of self-worth or personal value. Self-esteem is often seen as a personality trait, which means that it tends to be stable and enduring. Self-esteem can involve a variety of beliefs about the self, such as the appraisal of one's own appearance, beliefs, emotions and behaviors.
Components of Self-Esteem
According to one definition (Braden, 1969), there are three key components of self-esteem:
1. Self-esteem is an essential human need that is vital for survival and normal, healthy development.
2. Self-esteem arises automatically from within based upon a person's beliefs and consciousness.
3. Self-esteem occurs in conjunction with a person's thoughts, behaviors, feelings and actions.
Self-Esteem Synonyms:
Self-worth
Self-respect
Self-value
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LECTURE SHEETS
ON
PRESENTATION SKILL DEVELOPMENT
MD. MUSTAFIZUR RAHMAN SAMEEN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
PHONE : 01817534271
e-mail: mustafiz@daffodilvarsity.edu.bd
BASIC TIPS
• Dress smartly: don't let your appearance distract from what you are saying.
• Smile. Don't hunch up and shuffle your feet. Have an upright posture. Try to appear confident and enthusiastic.
• Say hello and smile when you greet the audience: your audience will probably look at you and smile back: an instinctive reaction.
• Speak clearly, firmly and confidently as this makes you sound in control. Don't speak too quickly: you are likely to speed up and raise the pitch of your voice when nervous. Give the audience time to absorb each point. Don't talk in a monotone the whole time. Lift your head up and address your words to someone near the back of audience. If you think people at the back can't hear, ask them.
• Use silence to emphasize points. Before you make a key point pause: this tells the audience that something important is coming. It's also the hallmark of a confident speaker as only these are happy with silences. Nervous speakers tend to gabble on trying to fill every little gap.
• Keep within the allotted time for your talk.
• Eye contact is crucial to holding the attention of your audience. Look at everyone in the audience from time to time, not just at your notes or at the PowerPoint slides. Try to involve everyone, not just those directly in front of you.
• You could try to involve your audience by asking them a question.
• Don't read out your talk, as this sounds boring and stilted, but refer to brief notes jotted down on small (postcard sized) pieces of card. Don't look at your notes too much as this suggests insecurity and will prevent you making eye contact with the audience.
• It’s OK to use humour, in moderation, but better to use anecdotes than to rattle off a string of jokes.
• Take along a wristwatch to help you keep track of time – the assessor may cut you off as soon as you have used the time allocated, whether or not you have finished.
• It can be very helpful to practise at home in front of a mirror.
• It's normal to be a little nervous. This is a good thing as it will make you more energized. Many people have a fear of speaking in public. Practicing will make sure that you are not too anxious. In your mind, visualize yourself giving a confident successful performance. Take a few deep slow breaths before your talk starts and make a conscious effort to speak slowly and clearly.
• Build variety into the talk and break it up into sections: apparently, the average person has a three minute attention span!
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LECTURE SHEETS
ON
PRESENTATION SKILL DEVELOPMENT
MD. MUSTAFIZUR RAHMAN SAMEEN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
PHONE : 01817534271
e-mail: mustafiz@daffodilvarsity.edu.bd
In Short:
Becoming a competent, rather than just confident, speaker requires a lot of practice. But here are a few things you can consider to start sharpening your presentation skills:
1. 10-20-30 Rule – This is a slideshow rule offered by Guy Kawasaki. This rule states that a powerpoint slide should have no more than 10 slides, last no longer than 20 minutes and have no text less than 30 point font.
2. Be Entertaining – Speeches should be entertaining and informative. I’m not saying you should act like a dancing monkey when giving a serious presentation. But unlike an e-mail or article, people expect some appeal to their emotions. Simply reciting dry facts without any passion or humor will make people less likely to pay attention.
3. Slow Down – Nervous and inexperienced speakers tend to talk way to fast. Consciously slow your speech down and add pauses for emphasis.
4. Eye Contact – Match eye contact with everyone in the room. I’ve also heard from salespeople that you shouldn’t focus all your attention on the decision maker since secretaries and assistants in the room may hold persuasive sway over their boss.
5. 15 Word Summary – Can you summarize your idea in fifteen words? If not, rewrite it and try again. Speaking is an inefficient medium for communicating information, so know what the important fifteen words are so they can be repeated.
6. 20-20 Rule – Another suggestion for slideshows. This one says that you should have twenty slides each lasting exactly twenty seconds. The 20-20 Rule forces you to be concise and to keep from boring people.
7. Don’t Read – This one is a no brainer, but somehow Powerpoint makes people think they can get away with it. If you don’t know your speech without cues, that doesn’t just make you more distracting. It shows you don’t really understand your message, a huge blow to any confidence the audience has in you.
8. Speeches are About Stories – If your presentation is going to be a longer one, explain your points through short stories, quips and anecdotes. Great speakers know how to use a story to create an emotional connection between ideas for the audience.
9. Project Your Voice - Nothing is worse than a speaker you can’t hear. Even in the high-tech world of microphones and amplifiers, you need to be heard. Projecting your voice doesn’t mean yelling, rather standing up straight and letting your voice resonate on the air in your lungs rather than in the throat to produce a clearer sound.
10. Don’t Plan Gestures - Any gestures you use need to be an extension of your message and any emotions that message conveys. Planned gestures look false because they don’t match your other involuntary body cues. You are better off keeping your hands to your side.
11. “That’s a Good Question” – You can use statements like, “that’s a really good question,” or “I’m glad you asked me that,” to buy yourself a few moments to organize your response.
12. Breathe In Not Out – Feeling the urge to use presentation killers like ‘um,’ ‘ah,’ or ‘you know’? Replace those with a pause taking a short breath in. The pause may seem a bit awkward, but the audience will barely notice it.
13. Come Early, Really Early – Come early, scope out the room, run through your slideshow and make sure there won’t be any glitches. Preparation can do a lot to remove your speaking anxiety.
14. Get Practice – Join Toastmasters and practice your speaking skills regularly in front of an audience. Not only is it a fun time, but it will make you more competent and confident when you need to approach the podium.
15. Don’t Apologize – Don’t apologize for your nervousness or a lack of preparation time. Most audience members can’t detect your anxiety, so don’t draw attention to it.
16. Do Apologize if You’re Wrong – One caveat to the above rule is that you should apologize if you are late or shown to be incorrect. You want to seem confident, but don’t be a jerk about it.
17. Put Yourself in the Audience - When writing a speech, see it from the audiences perspective. What might they not understand? What might seem boring? Use WIIFM (What’s In It For Me) to guide you.
18. Have Fun - Sounds impossible? With a little practice you can inject your passion for a subject into your presentations. Enthusiasm is contagious.
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FOR SUCCESS WITH YOUR PRESENTATIONS:
Speak well;
Speak effectively;
Speak with confidence;
Speak to make things happen;
Speak imperfectly – and speak again.
A few things to keep your eyes on while practicing the fine art of communication are:
Body Language
Do not shy away from the person with whom you are speaking. Be sure to maintain a relaxed, but not slouching posture, regardless whether you are the one speaking or listening. Other things that ensure your body is communicating your attentiveness to the conversation can include:
• Making eye contact.
• Nodding occasionally to acknowledge a strong point in the conversation.
• Standing with hands clasped in front of you, never crossing your arms.
• Not displaying nervous ticks such as wringing hands, picking at your nails, or anything that the person communicating with you will view as a distraction from their conversation.
Speech and Attentiveness
When speaking, you need to be clear and concise. Speak on important matters directly and do not waste time with long drawn out stories that will cause your listener’s mind to wander.
Make sure you ask whether they understand, and be willing to further explain any of your points.
In addition, one of the most important aspects of verbal communication is the ability to practice active listening.
Communication Consistency
Great communicators practice the ability of consistent communication by remaining available.
Patience
During your communications with others always give them time to communicate their issues as well.
Conclusion
Since the world is so incredibly diverse and communications come in such a wide variety of forms, it is important to know many appropriate and helpful interpersonal skills. Remember, great communication skills take practice. Do not give up on Day One. Your ability to express yourself will grow almost daily as long as you apply yourself in improving communication skills.
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Look your best
Smile. You look your best when you smile. You look most trustworthy, friendly and confident when you smile. We do not want to listen to a speaker who is angry. Don’t smile like a fool all the way through your speech. Instead smile before you start. Smile when you say something important. Smile when you end. Make it a warm friendly smile. When you smile you look confident and help to improve the confidence of your audience. Smile.
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Sounding your best
Drinking water before you speak will lubricate your vocal chords. Breathing deeply and slowly will allow you to project your voice and pause when you want to – not when you need to. Speak slower that you normally speak. The audience needs to hear you, think about it and internalize it.
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Using equipment and technology
Ensure that your slides enhance your points. Don’t make the common mistake of designing your presentation around the slides.
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Correcting things that go wrong
When things go wrong, smile, pause, breathe and sound confident. Adapt your presentation. Never appear to panic. Instead focus on your message and what you want them to do.
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Tame the Hecklers
How do you handle hecklers? Prepare yourself for the worst questions. Write down all the possible objections and your answer to each. Rehearse the answers when you rehearse your speech. Answering questions well is a crucial part of your presentation skills. No matter what happens – remain calm. The worst thing for you to do is to react. Instead, respond and guide the audience back to your message. Don’t alienate your audience by appearing angry or out of control. If a heckler makes a negative comment you can respond with, “Thank you for your opinion” and move on. Don’t let yourself get dragged into a dirty argument. Don’t give the heckler credibility.
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Finish Your Presentation Strong
End your presentation with a strong message. You can choose from several techniques. A call to action is one of the best endings to get your audience into action immediately after your speech. Other endings you can use include a positive statement; or a famous quotation. End on a positive action-generating note.
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Final Words of Encouragement for you
Public Speaking is a set of skills. It is not about talent. It is a set of techniques practiced, rehearsed and delivered. You will never deliver the perfect speech. But you might deliver a powerful and effective speech. I know many wonderful presenters – but I do not know one who has ever delivered a perfect presentation. The skill of public speaking is both an art and a science. The more you learn and practice the science the easier the art will work for you. You can be a powerful and skillful presenter. But it will take time, practice and energy. And those are the elements of greatness.
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PRESENTATION SKILLS SUCCESS
You can speak with confidence, clarity and conviction when you polish your presentation skills. The power of public speaking is a key leadership skill. Your ability to communicate will take you farther than any other skill. Communicate well. Communicate effectively and communicate your message so that others listen, understand and act.
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Last minute details before you begin speaking
Get into the room before your audience arrives to check the setup and get the feel of the room. This helps to make it your room. Walk around the room and sit in a few different chairs to take in the feel of your room and how your audience will see you. Drink one or two glasses of warm water to both lubricate your vocal cords and hydrate yourself.
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Eye Contact
Talk directly to people. The best presentation is delivered as a conversation to every person in your audience one person at a time. If you want to be believed – talk to every individual – looking him or her in the eye. Don’t make the big mistake committed by many novice public speakers - staring at the spot on the back wall. This one technique is a powerful element of successful presentation skills.
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Emphasizing key points
If you want people to remember something – repeat it at least three times during your speech. The first time they might hear it. The second time they might think over it. The third time it might stick. “I have a dream”. Do you know how many times Martin Luthur King repeated that phrase in his famous speech?
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Establishing rapport
Don’t pretend to be something you are not. But show how you are like them. Be human. Expose a flaw. Show that you are not perfect. If you pretend to be perfect they will hate you – and not listen.
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Stay on time
Start your presentation on time and finish on time.
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Help your audience remember the important parts
Repeat the points you want them to remember. Use an anecdote or story to illustrate the point. Pause just before and after you state the key points.
We find it easier to remember images and feelings. If you want your audience to remember the key points of your presentation attach those points to images or emotions. Men tend to connect visuals with memory while women tend to connect emotions for memory. Be sure to address both needs in your presentations.
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THE FEAR OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
Studies show that our number one fear is the fear of public speaking. Hard to believe but it is more prevalent than the fear of death. If you have a fear of public speaking or feel some anxiety you are not alone. Even great speakers like Churchill experienced this fear. But he worked on his delivery skills so he could deliver even when he was nervous. I am a professional speaker who has spoken to audiences all over Bangladesh yet I also experience speech anxiety. The fear of public speaking might be with you forever. But your audience does not need to know.
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Overcoming the fear of public speaking
In most cases the symptoms of the fear are not noticeable to your audience. You might feel terrified but your audience doesn’t know. There are several ways to get past speech anxiety. Focus on the success of your presentation. Before you step up to speak take a couple of slow deep breaths. Speak slowly. Don’t let it run away from you.
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Rehearsing your presentation
Rehearse your speech on your feet at least three times.
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Remembering your speech
The best public speakers do not memorize their presentation. Instead know your topic and the issues. Then make notes for yourself. But don’t read your speech. That is so boring. Instead write key words that remind you of your messages. Write your speech notes on index cards. That is much easier to handle instead of fumbling with a sheet of paper.
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Researching your presentation
Get your facts straight. Don’t stand there saying, “I think so” or “I’m not sure.” Don’t lie and pretend to know something you do not. So spend time collecting and confirming your information. Too many public speakers are quick to present their opinions without providing clear substance. Avoid that trap.
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Telling Stories
Tell stories. Paint word pictures that create images in the listeners’ minds. If they can see it they are more likely to understand and remember your message. The best public speakers are storytellers. Use stories to illustrate and reinforce the main points of your presentation.
The best stories are personal. Because they are yours - they are easier to remember and they make your presentation unique. We listen to stories. We hate lectures. Make a list of significant things that happened to you and those around you; the first time… the best, the worst, the biggest mistake, the best break, the greatest ah-ha, the funniest moment, the most frustrating incident, the dumbest thing you did, the most embarrassing moment…
The things that hurt you the most make the best stories to tell in your presentations. Rehearse your stories to edit them down into a short story that is easy to listen to. The hardest thing for you might be to leave out details. The hardest thing for your audience is listening to you describe unnecessary details. Just make the point.
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Your audience is the reason you are there
Understand your audience. What do they want? Mention the names of some audience members during your presentation. It will help you connect with the group.
Illustrating your main points
We need images to understand. Images can contribute more to the success of your presentation then words.
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Presentation Delivery:
Delivering the presentation is the most important step of the process. This is where you make the primary contact with your audience. Consider the following points in order to deliver an effective presentation.
• Be prepared for your presentation. Practice it a few times before you actually do it. Know the content of your presentation in and out. When you know your presentation, you can recover if something goes wrong.
• Use true examples to explain your points. If these examples are common to you and the audience, it will have a great impact. Use your personal experiences to show them the practical point of view.
• Relax! Stay relaxed and calm during the presentation. Your body language is quite important for the audience. If they see you tensed, they may not receive what you say. They may even judge you!
• Use humour in the presentation. Use it naturally to make your point. Do not try to crack jokes when you are not supposed to do it.
• Pay attention to details. Remember the old saying; devil is in details. Choose the place, people, and materials wisely.
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CHOOSING THE PRESENTATION MATERIALS:
When your presentation is supported by additional material, you can make more impact on the audience.
Following are some guidelines on presentation materials.
• Use a simple, but consistent layout. Do not overload the presentation with images and animations.
• When it comes to time allocation, spend 3-5 minutes for each slide. Each slide should ideally have about 5-8 bullet lines. This way, the audience can stay focused and grab your points.
• Do not distribute the supplementary material before the presentation. They may read the material during the presentation and miss what you say. Therefore, distribute the material after the presentation
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10. The speaker must have a presentable appearance while giving a presentation. The speaker should stand with feet far apart maintaining a good balance. He must use confident gestures. He must use short and simple words.
11. Try to gain and maintain audience interest by using positive quotes, humour, or remarkable fact.
12. The speaker must be affirmative and optimistic before giving presentation. He should ensure all tools and equipments to be used in presentation are working well.
13. The speaker must state the objectives of the presentation at beginning of the presentation.
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6. A good presentation must be planned. The speaker must plan how to begin the presentation, what to speak in the middle of presentation and how to end the presentation without losing audience interests at any point of time.
7. Rehearse and practice the presentation. This will help the speaker to be more confident and self-assured. The more the speaker rehearses the better the presentation turns to be.
8. The speaker should encourage more questions from the audience. He should be honest enough to answer those questions. If any biased question is put forth by the audience, rearticulate it before answering.
9. Summarize the presentation at the end. Give final comments. Leave a positive impact upon the audience.
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4. A good presentation should have the potential to convey the required information.The fear should be transformed into positive energy during the presentation. Be calm and relaxed while giving a presentation. Before beginning, wait and develop an eye contact with the audience. Focus on conveying your message well and use a positive body language.
5. To communicate the desired information, the speaker should use more of visual aids such as transparencies, diagrams, pictures, charts, etc. Each transparency/slide should contain limited and essential information only. No slide should be kept on for a longer time. Try facing the audience, rather than the screen. The speaker should not block the view. Turn on the room lights else the audience might fall asleep and loose interest. Organize all the visuals for making a logical and sound presentation.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD/EFFECTIVE PRESENTATION
1. The presentation ideas should be well adapted to your audience.
2. Their body language instantly gives the speaker the required feedback.
3. A good presentation should be concise and should be focused on the topic. It should not move off-track.
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4] Presentation can be defined as a formal event characterized by teamwork and use of audio-visual aids. The main purpose of presentation is to give information, to persuade the audience to act and to create goodwill. A good presentation should have a good subject matter, should match with the objective, should best fit the audience, and should be well organized.
Introduction:
If you are to communicate an idea, concept, or a product, you need to have good presentation skills in order to grab the attention of the audience and become the centre of attention.
This way, it is easy for you to get the audience's support. The audience can range from your college classmates to an executive board of a multinational company.
Following are some points you should consider when designing your presentation.
• Derive the top three goals that you want to accomplish through your presentation. The entire presentation should focus on achieving these three goals. If you are not clear about what you want to achieve, your audience can easily miss the point of your presentation.
• Understand what your audience is. Think why they are there to see your presentation and their expectations. Study the background of the audience in advance if possible.
• Have a list of points that you want to communicate to your audience. Prioritize them accordingly. See whether there is any point that is difficult to understand by the audience. If there are such points, chunk them further.
• Decide on the tone you want to use in the presentation. It could be motivational, informational, celebration, etc.
• Prepare an opening speech for the presentation. Do not spend much time on it though.
• Point out all contents in brief and explain them as you've planned.
• Have a Q&A (questions and answers) session at the end of the presentation.
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LECTURE SHEETS
ON
PRESENTATION SKILL DEVELOPMENT
MD. MUSTAFIZUR RAHMAN SAMEEN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
PHONE : 01817534271
e-mail: mustafiz@daffodilvarsity.edu.bd
PRESENTATION SKILL
Definitions:
1] The process of showing and explaining the content of a topic to an audience.
2] The meaning of presentation skills is including the ability to communicate effectively in small and large groups, to all levels of the organization, as well as outside of the organization.
3] The ability to present a structured, prepared and speech-based means of communicating information, ideas, or arguments to a group of interested people in order to inform or persuade them.