Rubrics
A rubric is commonly defined as a tool that articulates the expectations for an assignment by listing criteria, and for each criteria, describing levels of quality (Andrade, 2000; Arter & Chappuis, 2007; Stiggins, 2001). Rubrics contain three essential features: criteria students are to attend to in completing the assignment, markers of quality (typically rating scales), and scoring. Criteria are used in determining the level at which student work meets expectations. Markers of quality give students a clear idea about what must be done to demonstrate a certain level of mastery, understanding, proficiency (i.e., "excellent" does xyz, "fair" does only xy or yz, "poor" does only x or y or z). Rubrics can be used for any assignment in a course, or for any way in which you ask students to demonstrate what they've learned. They can also be used to facilitate self and peer-reviews of student work.
Rubrics aren't just for summative evaluation. They can be used as a teaching tool as well. When used by students as part of a formative assessment, they can help students understand both the holistic nature and/or specific analytics of learning expected, the level of learning expected, and then make decisions about their current level of learning to inform revision and improvement (Reddy & Andrade, 2010).
Fast Facts: Getting Started with Rubrics
Why You Should Consider Rubrics
Rubrics help instructors:
Provide students with feedback that is clear, directed and focused on ways to improve learning.
Demystify assignment expectations so students can focus on the work instead of guessing "what the teacher wants."
Adapt your approach to teaching aspects of a course based on thematic gaps in student learning that are easily identified by reviewing rubrics across a class.
Develop consistency in how you evaluate student learning across students and throughout a class.
Reduce time spent on grading; Increase time spent on teaching.
Rubrics help students:
Focus their efforts on completing assignments in line with clearly set expectations.
Self and Peer-reflect on their learning, making informed changes to achieve the desired learning level.
Developing a Rubric
First Things, First
It will be overwhelming to create a rubric for every assignment in a class at once, so start by creating one rubric for one assignment. See how it goes and develop more from there!
Do not reinvent the wheel. Rubric templates and examples exist all over the Internet, or simply ask colleagues if they have developed rubrics for similar assignments.
The Process
Select an assignment for your course - ideally one you identify as time intensive to grade, or students report as having unclear expectations.
Decide what you want students to demonstrate about their learning through that assignment. These are your criteria.
Develop the markers of quality on which you feel comfortable evaluating students’ level of learning - often along with a numerical scale. (i.e., "excellent-2," "fair-1," "poor-0"; or, "Mastery," "Emerging," "Beginning" for a developmental approach)
Give students the rubric ahead of time. Advise them to use it in guiding their completion of the assignment.
The Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) Rubrics
Rubric for Integration of Student Learning Assessment into Program Reviews
Rubric for Assessing the Quality of Academic Program Learning Outcomes
Rubric for Assessing the Use of Portfolios for Assessing Program Learning Outcomes
Rubric for Evalutating General Education Assessment Process
The Educational Effectiveness Framework: Capacity & Effectiveness as They Relate to Student and Institutional Learning
Rubric for Assessing the use of Capstone Experiences for Assessing Program Learning Outcomes
Rubrics for Assessment
There are many resources on the web that provide examples of rubrics that can be used in assessment. In "Other Resources," below, the long UCLA document provides some excellent examples. IN addition the Association of American Colleges and Universities has an excellent set of "Value Rubrics" which we include below. All are Reprinted [or Excerpted] with permission from Assessing Outcomes and Improving Achievement: Tips and tools for Using Rubrics, edited by Terrel L. Rhodes. Copyright 2010 by the Association of American Colleges and Universities.
Value Rubrics Packet, including rubrics on:
Creative Thinking
Critical Thinking
Information LIterary
Inquiry Analysis
Oral Communication
Problem Solving
Quantitative Literacy
Reading
Written Communication
Other Assessment Resources
Association for the Assessment of Learning in Higher Education(link is external) (link is external)
Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education--Journal(link is external) (link is external)
National Institute for Learning Outcomes Assessment (link is external) (link is external)
UC Berkeley’s Undergraduate Student Learning Initiative (link is external)
References:
Andrade, H. 2000. Using rubrics to promote thinking and learning. Educational Leadership 57, no. 5: 13–18.
Arter, J., and J. Chappuis. 2007. Creating and recognizing quality rubrics. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.
Stiggins, R.J. 2001. Student-involved classroom assessment. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Reddy, Y., & Andrade, H. (2010). A review of rubric use in higher education. Assessment & Evaluation In Higher Education, 35(4), 435-448.
9 Principles of Good Practice for Assessing Student Learning
PDF icon 9_principles_of_good_practice_for_assessing_student_learning.pdf
Sample Research Paper, Annotated Bibliography, and Reflection
PDF icon sample_research_paper_and_reflection.pdf
IAS Honors Thesis Evaluation Form
PDF icon iastp_honorsthesiseval.pdf
Rubrics for Grading an Analytical Essay, Sociology Department
PDF icon sociologyrubric_gradinganalyticalessay.pdf
Rubric for Writing Assessment, Sociology Department
PDF icon sociologyrubric_writingassessment.pdf
RESOURCES
Learn
Design
Engage
Improve
Evaluate Course-Level Learning
Rubrics
Alternatives to Traditional Testing
Alternatives to Final Assessments - Regulation 772
New to Campus
Assessment and Evaluation
Documenting Teaching Effectiveness
Reading and Composition
Source:
https://teaching.berkeley.edu/resources/improve/evaluate-course-level-learning/rubrics
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