Topics

46

Software Developers Forum / Adobe Photoshop

« on: September 14, 2010, 06:05:23 PM »

Adobe Photoshop is helping people to edit images personally and also professionally since 1988. It has fifteen different versions and latest version is CS5, CS5 Extended (12.0).

Adobe Photoshop is a graphics editing program developed and published by Adobe Systems.

Early history

In 1987, Thomas Knoll, a PhD student at the University of Michigan, began writing a program on his Macintosh Plus to display grayscale images on a monochrome display. This program, called Display, caught the attention of his brother John Knoll, an Industrial Light & Magic employee, who recommended Thomas turn it into a fully-fledged image editing program. Thomas took a six month break from his studies in 1988 to collaborate with his brother on the program, which had been renamed ImagePro. Later that year, Thomas renamed his program Photoshop and worked out a short-term deal with scanner manufacturer Barneyscan to distribute copies of the program with a slide scanner; a "total of about 200 copies of Photoshop were shipped" this way.

During this time, John traveled to Silicon Valley and gave a demonstration of the program to engineers at Apple and Russell Brown, art director at Adobe. Both showings were successful, and Adobe decided to purchase the license to distribute in September 1988. While John worked on plug-ins in California, Thomas remained in Ann Arbor writing program code. Photoshop 1.0 was released in 1990 for Macintosh exclusively.

Features

Photoshop has ties with other Adobe software for media editing, animation, and authoring. The .PSD (Photoshop Document), Photoshop's native format, stores an image with support for most imaging options available in Photoshop. These include layers with masks, color spaces, ICC profiles, transparency, text, alpha channels and spot colors, clipping paths, and duotone settings. This is in contrast to many other file formats (e.g. .EPS or .GIF) that restrict content to provide streamlined, predictable functionality.

Photoshop's popularity means that the .PSD format is widely used, and it is supported to some extent by most competing software. The .PSD file format can be exported to and from Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Premiere Pro, and After Effects, to make professional standard DVDs and provide non-linear editing and special effects services, such as backgrounds, textures, and so on, for television, film, and the Web. Photoshop is a pixel-based image editor, unlike programs such as Macromedia FreeHand (now defunct), Adobe Illustrator, Inkscape or CorelDraw, which are vector-based image editors.

47

BBA Discussion Forum / Meeting Minutes

« on: August 10, 2010, 07:33:31 PM »

How to write Minutes of Meeting:

1.   Firstly, in the preliminary part write heading, type of meeting (weekly or monthly etc.), date, time and location, present and absent members.

2.   Secondly, in the body part write about previous meeting minutes (if any). Then “Announcements” that is: old business (unsolved in the last meeting), new business (problem and suggestions).

3.   Thirdly, in the closing part write about the next meeting (when, where it will be held) and adjournment.

The above is the basic ways to write minutes of meeting. The following is a more sophisticated example of meeting minutes.

Sample of Board Meeting Minutes
Name of Organization
(Board Meeting Minutes: Month Day, Year)
(time and location)

Board Members:
Present: A, B, C, D, K
Absent: M (Reason)


Proceedings:
• Meeting called to order at 7:00 p.m. by ………..
• (Last month's) meeting minutes were amended and approved

• Chief Executive's Report:
- Recommends that if we not able to find a new facility by the end of this month, the organization should stay where in the current location over the winter. After brief discussion, Board agreed.
 Finance Committee report provided by, D:
- D explained that consultant, Susan Johns, reviewed the organization's bookkeeping procedures and found them to be satisfactory, in preparation for the upcoming yearly financial audit. Funds recommends that our company ensure the auditor provides a management letter along with the audit financial report.

• Board Development Committee's report provided by, C:
- C reminded the Board of the scheduled retreat coming up in three months, and provided a drafted retreat schedule for board review. MOTION to accept the retreat agenda; seconded and passed.

• Other business:
- P noted that he was working with staff member, J, to help develop an information management systems plan, and that two weeks ago he had mailed members three resumes from consultants to help with the plan. In the mailing, P asked members for their opinions to help select a consultant. Porter asked members for their opinions.

• Assessment of the Meeting:
- K noted that the past three meetings have run over the intended two-hour time slot by half an hour. He asked members to be more mindful and focused during discussions, and suggested that the Board Development Chair take an action to identify solutions to this issue. Chair, Carver, agreed.

• Meeting adjourned at 9:30 p.m.
• Minutes submitted by Secretary, B

___________                                                                                                 ___________
 Prepared by                                                                 Approved by

Please write if you have any new suggestions. Thanks for reading.

48

Alumni / About Alumni (Etimology, Usage)

« on: August 05, 2010, 05:12:41 PM »

About Alumni

An alumnus (alumni), according to the American Heritage Dictionary, is "a graduate or former student of a school, college, or university". In addition, an alumna (alumnae) is "a female graduate or former student of a school, college, or university". If a group includes more than one gender, even if there is only one male, the plural form alumni is used.

Etymology
The Latin noun alumnus means "foster son, pupil" and is derived from the verb alere "to nourish."

Usage
An alumnus or alumna is a former student and in particular a graduate of an educational institution (school, college, university). According to the United States Department of Education, the term alumnae is used in conjunction with either women's colleges or a female group of students. The term alumni is used in conjunction with either men's colleges, a male group of students, or a mixed group of students:

In accordance with the rules of grammar governing the inflexion of nouns in the Romance languages, the masculine plural alumni is correctly used for groups composed of both sexes: the alumni of Texas Tech University. Sometimes, to avoid any misguided suggestion of sexism, both terms are used for mixed groups: "the alumni/alumnae of Texas Tech University" or the "alumni and alumnae of Texas Tech University". Coeducational institutions usually use alumni for graduates of both sexes. Some may prefer the phrase "alumni and alumnae" or the form "alumnae/i", which is the choice of many women's colleges that have begun to admit men.

The term is sometimes shortened to "alum," which stands for "an alumna or alumnus." "Alumni" (a plural form) is often incorrectly used as a singular form for both genders; for example, "I am an alumni of Duke University," as opposed to "I am an alumnus/alumna of Duke University." This usage is erroneous in formal or historic usage. The prevalence of this usage is likely due to an ignorance of Latin grammar and the fact that printed documents and university merchandise almost always use the plural form of the word. Alumni reunions are popular events at many institutions. They are usually organized by alumni associations and are often social occasions for fundraising.
Ref: Wikipedia.

49

BBA Discussion Forum / Difference among catalogue, brochure, and flyer.

« on: August 03, 2010, 06:28:42 PM »

Difference among catalogue, brochure, and flyer

Difference among catalogue, brochure, and flyer can be understood from following definitions:-


Catalog

A list or enumeration of names, or articles arranged methodically, often in alphabetical order; as, a catalogue of the students of a college, or of books, or of the stars.

Brochure

A brochure (also referred to as a pamphlet) is a type of leaflet. Brochures are most commonly found at places that tourists frequently visit, such as museums, major shops, and tourist information. Brochure racks or stands may suggest visits to amusement parks and other points of interest. Compared with a flyer or a handbill, a brochure usually uses higher-quality paper, more color, and is folded.

Flyer

A flyer (also spelled flier or called a circular, handbill or leaflet) is a single page leaflet advertising a nightclub, event, service, or other activity. Flyers are typically used by individuals or businesses to promote their products or services.

*Sample Images are attached.

50

Heritage/Culture / Tangail District-District of Baggha Freedom Fighters

« on: August 03, 2010, 05:21:20 PM »

Tangail District

Tangail (Bengali: টাঙ্গাইল জিলা) is a district (zilla) in central region of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka division. The population of Tangail zilla is about 3.2 million and its surface area is 3,414.39 km². [1]The main town of Tangail District is the district town Tangail. It is surrounded by the several districts, such as Jamalpur district on the north, the Dhaka and Manikganj districts on the south, the Mymensingh and Gazipur districts on the east, and the Sirajganj district on the west. The main rivers that cross the Tangail district are the Jamuna, Dhaleshwari, Jhenai, Bangshi, Lohajang, Langulia, Elongjani, Jugni, Fotikjani and the Turag.



Subdivisions

The subdivision of Tangail was established in 1870. It was turned into a district on December 1, 1969.[2]The district consists of 5 corporations, 8 municipalities, 72 wards, 211 mahallas, 103 union parishads and 2431 villages. Tangail is subdivided into 12 subdistricts (upazila/thana). The name of the upuzilas are: Tangail Sadar, Sakhipur, Basail, Madhupur, Ghatail, Kalihati, Nagarpur, Mirzapur, Gopalpur, Delduar, Bhuapur and Dhanbari.



History

The famous Kagmari Conference (1957), Sannyasi revolt (1850) and Peasant revolt (1858) were originated from this district. During the Liberation War, Abdul Kader Siddiqui of Tangail independently led military operations against Pakistan army. His group, named Kaderia Bahini, led many successful guerrilla operations in this district,
During the Liberation War, in September 1971 ,"Vobishoth Bahini" founder "LALMIA"(Md.Shah-Nur-E-Aziz) who was just 12(11y8m) years old then, led his group to assist the "Mitra Bahini("Indian Satri Bahini" Indian Airdrop Army)" and "Mukti Bahini(Bangladesh Liberation Army)". His force conducted many successful guerrilla operations from Basail thana of this Tangail district.
In 1996, a devastating tornado caused heavy damage to a few villages of Tangail.



Heritage of Tangail

•   Porabari Cham-Cham
•   Tangail Tanter Saree
•   Household utensils made of bell metal
•   Madhupur Pineapple
•   Seetal Pati (Hinganagar Village)
•   Bananas (Modhupur gor)
•   Jackfruit(Modhupur,Ghatail)
•   An old tree named Tomal at Gupta Brindaban,Ghatail.