Daffodil International University
Faculty of Engineering => EEE => Topic started by: S. M. Enamul Hoque Yousuf on May 11, 2018, 11:45:26 AM
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Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide, accounting for 1.7 million new diagnoses in 2012 (1). Current treatments for breast cancer include a combination of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, molecularly targeted, and antihormonal therapeutics (2, 3). One promising approach in cancer treatment is the use of gold-based nanostructures, whose strong optical absorption is due to their plasmon resonance, to provide safe and effective light-based therapeutics. Plasmonic nanostructures are advantageous due to their unique optical properties, low toxicity, in vivo stability, and enhanced tumor uptake (4–10). One approach uses near-infrared (IR) light to heat silica core-gold shell nanoshells (NS) photothermally to locally ablate tumors, which has been shown to lead to tumor remission in mice at rates above 90% (11–13). In another approach, near-IR light is used to selectively release oligonucleotides and molecules from the nanoparticle surface for gene therapy and drug delivery (14–17). This latter approach also has highly promising potential for cancer therapy, where high local concentrations of drugs could be released remotely, on demand, in a spatially localized region such as the site of a tumor or metastatic disease, while the overall systemic dosage to a patient would remain
relatively low. This approach could unleash the potential of known highly effective drugs that could otherwise induce toxicity at high systemic doses.
A wide range of host molecules have been developed to provide specific binding of therapeutic molecules for nanoparticlebased drug delivery (18–21). DNA and proteins are of particular interest, since they can be readily conjugated for attachment to gold nanoparticle surfaces, and their structures can be tailored for uptake of drug molecules in a host–guest manner (22–24).
Host-conjugated nanoparticles can provide efficient internalization into cells and provoke less of an immune response than free drug molecules (25–29). For remotely triggered drug delivery, equally important is the nanoparticle’s light-induced drugrelease mechanism. Recently we have shown that continuous-wave (CW)-induced light-triggered release requires the bulk temperature of the illuminated nanoparticle to rise above the thiolated dsDNA dehybridization temperature to release ssDNA, while lightinduced release using femtosecond near-IR laser pulses breaks the Au–S bond that binds the DNA to the nanoparticle with no measurable bulk temperature increase (30). For details please read the attached article.
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Thanks for the informative post.
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Thank you for your information.