Daffodil International University
Faculties and Departments => Faculty Sections => Topic started by: Mizanur Rahman (GED) on October 10, 2018, 06:05:20 PM
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Inadequate sleep has negative effects on health; weight; mental and physical performance; safety; pain; and appearance. University of Chicago researchers found physical changes from loss of sleep mimic those of aging, including decreases in memory and learning functions.Research firmly links poor sleep with cardio and metabolic diseases, including hypertension, diabetes and obesity. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), about half of U.S. adults have one of these conditions: high cholesterol, high blood pressure or type 2 diabetes. Recent scientific studies have shown that sleep problems are an independent risk factor for each of these conditions. According to the CDC, 71 percent of the U.S. population is overweight, including the 38 percent considered obese. Multiple studies have confirmed the link between being overweight and getting insufficient sleep. Lack of sleep contributes to weight gain in multiple ways. Sleep affects the hormones that regulate our caloric energy intake: ghrelin, which signals appetite; and leptin, which indicates satiety. When sleep deprived by as little as an hour, the tiredbrain continues to send the signal for hunger, resulting in overconsumption of food. As a result, people consume more than 500 extra calories every day, contributing to weight gain. The area of the brain responsible for executive function, including will power, is deficient when deprived of sleep so when people are more tired, they’re more impulsive and respond to hunger signals by making poor choices about the extra food they consume. When tired, your base metabolism also declines, so you’re burning fewer calories. Sleep deprivation also negatively affects athletic performance. Lost sleep affects the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for focus, concentration, flexibility and decision making. Lack of sleep slows reaction time. In a test of reaction times, people who were classified as tired performed as poorly as subjects who were legally drunk. Sleep deprivation has been linked with decreased aerobic endurance and increased rates of perceived exertion. Inadequate sleep affects the body’s ability to metabolize glucose efficiently and slows the body’s storage of glucose and glycogen. Athletes need glycogen for endurance events beyond 90 minutes. Endurance is therefore deeply impacted by sleep. When sleep deprived, people become exhausted sooner because the body is trying to conserve energy. Tiredness leads to overtraining because people aren’t seeing benefits from extra training, which occur during deep sleep. Sleep deprivation raises levels of the stress hormone cortisol, which may interfere with tissue repair and growth. Fatigue contributes to poor performance and changes in muscular activity, which can increase the risk of injury. People cannot perform tasks safely without sufficient sleep. One in five serious injuries from traffic accidents are linked to driver sleepiness. Each year, fatigued drivers cause 100,000 automobile crashes, 71,000 injuries and 1,550 fatalities, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and National Sleep Foundation. Being awake for 18 hours is equal to a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent — considered legally drunk in many states.Sleep deprivation also contributes to industrial accidents.
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Thanks for sharing.