#procurement definition: Procurement is the process of finding and agreeing to terms, and acquiring goods, services, or works from an external source, often via a tendering or competitive bidding process. Work included in process of input giving to output gaining.
#public procurement: Public procurement refers to the purchase by governments and state-owned enterprises of goods, services and works. As public procurement accounts for a substantial portion of the taxpayers’ money, governments are expected to carry it out efficiently and with high standards of conduct in order to ensure high quality of service delivery and safeguard the public interest.
#procurement development procedure in BD: main targeted dept.(4 departments??)
1. Good governance
2. Agriculture
3. Water management and sanitation
4. Human rights
5. LGED
Good governance: In international development, good governance is a subjective term that describes how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources in the preferred way. Governance is "the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented)".
Agriculture: Agriculture development means providing assistance to the crop producers with the help of various agricultural resources. Providing protection, assisting in the research sphere, employing latest techniques, controlling pests and facilitating diversity all fall within the purview of agriculture development.
Water management and sanitation: Water resource management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and managing the optimum use of water resources. It is a sub-set of water cycle management. Ideally, water resource management planning has regard to all the competing demands for water and seeks to allocate water on an equitable basis to satisfy all uses and demands. As with other resource management, this is rarely possible in practice. Sanitation refers to public health conditions related to clean drinking water and adequate treatment and disposal of human excreta and sewage. ... Reuse activities within the sanitation system may focus on the nutrients, water, energy or organic matter contained in excreta and wastewater.
Human rights: Human rights in Bangladesh are enshrined as fundamental rights in Part III of the Constitution of Bangladesh. However, constitutional and legal experts believe many of the country's laws require reform to enforce fundamental rights and reflect democratic values of the 21st century. Proposed reforms include strengthening parliamentary supremacy, judicial independence, the separation of powers, repealing laws which restrain freedom of the press and disbanding security agencies which violate civil liberties. Fundamental human rights are: food, cloth, shelter, education, medical care. Others are , Citizenship, socialism, Democracy and human rights, Right to life and personal liberty, Prohibition of forced labor, Freedom of assembly, Freedom of association, Freedom of thought, conscience and speech,
LGED: Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) is an organ of Bangladesh government created for provision of transport infrastructures in rural areas and to provide technical support to the rural and the urban local government institutions (LGIs), planning and implementation of infrastructure development projects in the rural and urban areas to improve communication and transport network, job creation, and poverty reduction
#a team work held on human rights of BD by Denmark, indicated following problems of BD:
1. Civil servants are not paid well: Often working in the public sector, an employee of the civil service is basically employed by the government to impartially implement their policies and laws. As a result, civil service employees often work in areas that highly affect people's everyday life (e.g. health and education).
As there is no study found whether the civil servants working at the field level of Bangladesh are
satisfied with their job, the main objectives of this study are to map whether those officials are
satisfied with their job and to identify the different factors impacting their job satisfaction.
2. Centralized power: financial and all other decisions are taken by one. That’s why miss use of power takes place.
3. Focused to rules and regulations: backdated rule oriented governance. Do not try to find better implementation.
4. Lack of accountability: govt. service holders specially don’t have to be questioned. That leads to corruption.
#(world banks study highlighted 3 aspects)reformation of this problems: ensuring 3 factors
1. Standard bidding procedure: using required documents and legally approved procedure for bidding.
2. Ensuring accountability: fixing what will be performed in which step.
3. Publishing invitation for bidding: transparency in bidding procedure. approved bidder to be introduced openly to all.
#comprehensive public procurement reformation implementation problems/ additional problems:
1. Incident of fraud and corruption
2. Political influence
3. Inadequate enforcement of regulations
4. Cross cutting governance: linking traditionally separate or independent parties or interests. The cross-cutting themes that determine the quality of governance, especially with respect to issues where governance seem especially weak.
#capacity gap/ asset gap: there are 4 pillars of gap that is gap is evidence of 4 scopes
1. Regulatory changes: Standard procedure of tender by regulatory authority.
2. Review system/ program system: as it is complex, make it simpler, rewrite complex rules.
3. Delegation of financial power: highly centralized which must be decentralized.
4. Management gap: Central processing unit not properly and regularly assessed, monitoring must be initiated.
5. Bureaucracy Gap: entire activity flow is bureaucratic. There is bureaucracy in every dept.
6. Low salary: management gap
7. Lack of leadership: only one leader handles everything. Work should be distributed. Organizational leader must be entitled.
8. Slow procedure: capacity gap. Minimize the time lag.
9. Frequent transfer of human resource. (stability crisis)
#civil engagement in procurement reformation:
1. Increasing social awareness to ensure accountability.
2. Civil communication ensure, for that $3.4m is allocated.
3. Guideline must be generated to identify the interaction between govt. and civil citizens. Procedure of interacting must be transparent. Interaction must be through an easy procedure for that best option is online interaction.
4. Framework: this is to include a group of business people as the ultimate implication is conducted t6hrough them.
#BD bank invested extra 10 million $ to facilitate:
1. Efficiency: for making civil society more efficient in all aspects.
2. Transparency: more and more online apps are developing for easy access to documents.
3. Economy increase: involving and connecting each and every industry, preparing developing 13 industries. To prepare private sectors, to prepare for grater GDP, workforce must be prepared to capture the change, resources must be flexible for implementation, Industry of each type have to be distinctively ready, reformation of each sector to current need.
#already e-GP (electronic govt procurement) started in 4 dept. : (rural electrification board)
1. REB Rural Electrification Board
2. Water development board
3. Roads and highways development
4. LGED (Local Government Engineering Department)
#steps for attending procurement system:
1. Visiting advertisement
2. Tender submission
3. Tender analysis and selection
4. Contract owner of selected tented/ contact winner
#to win tender traits are required:
1. Active and responsive
2. Bidding price must be lowest
3. Qualified in each requirement
