A Word A Day

[Binoy]

Word-212 (13-08-12)

ecology (noun)
প্রাকৃতিক পরিবেশ বা প্রতিবেশ; the relationships between the air, land, water, animals, plants, etc., usually of a particular area, or the scientific study of this
plant / animal / human ecology
the ecology movement
Oil pollution could damage the fragile ecology of the coral reefs.
The oil spill caused terrible damage to the fragile ecology of the coast.
She hopes to study ecology at college.

ecological (adjective)
পরিবেশগত; relating to ecology or the environment
an ecological disaster
the ecological movement
We risk upsetting the ecological balance of the area.
The destruction of the rain forests is an ecological disaster.

ecologically (adverb)
পরিবেশগতভাবে; in an ecological way
The system is both practical and ecologically sound.
It's an ecologically friendly/sound means of transportation.

ecologist (noun)
পরিবেশবিজ্ঞানী; an expert in ecology
Mr Aslam is a noted ecologist.

Compounds:

ecosystem (noun)
পরিবেশ-ব্যবস্থা; all the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment
Pollution can have disastrous effects on the delicately balanced ecosystem.

ecotourism (noun)
পরিবেশ-পর্যটন; the business of organizing holidays to places that people do not usually visit in a way which helps local people and does not damage the environment
Bangladesh has immense possibilities in ecotourism.

[Binoy]

Word-213 (14-08-12)

efficient (adjective)
দক্ষ বা কার্যকর; working or operating quickly and effectively in an organized way
an efficient secretary
efficient heating equipment
the efficient use of energy
fuel-efficient cars
As we get older, our bodies become less efficient at burning up calories.
The city's transport system is one of the most efficient in Europe.
We need someone really efficient who can organize the office and make it run smoothly.

efficiently (adverb)
দক্ষতার সাথে;  in an efficient way
a very efficiently organized event
She runs the business very efficiently.

efficiency (noun)
দক্ষতা; the quality of doing sth well with no waste of time or money
improvements in efficiency at the factory
I was impressed by the efficiency with which she handled the crisis.
What is so impressive about their society is the efficiency of the public services.

[Binoy]

Word-214 (15-08-12)

elaborate (adjective) [syn. detailed]
বিস্তারিত; containing a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts
elaborate designs
an elaborate computer system
She had prepared a very elaborate meal.
You want a plain blouse to go with that skirt - nothing too elaborate.
They're making the most elaborate preparations for the wedding.
He came out with such an elaborate excuse that I didn't quite believe him.

elaborately (adverb)
বিস্তারিতভাবে; in an elaborate way
an elaborately decorated room
It was the most elaborately decorated cake - all sugar flowers and bows.

elaborate (verb) [+ on / upon sth]
বিস্তারিত আলোচনা করা; to add more information or to explain or describe sth in a more detailed way
He said he was resigning but did not elaborate on his reasons.
She went on to elaborate her argument.
The minister said he was resigning, but refused to elaborate on his reasons for doing so.
In his plays he takes simple traditional tales and elaborates them.

elaboration (noun)
বিস্তারিত বর্ণনা; the act of explaining something
This point needs greater elaboration.
The importance of the plan needs no further elaboration.

[Binoy]

Word-215 (16-08-12)

elated (adjective)
উল্লসিত; extremely happy and excited, often because something has happened or been achieved
They were elated at the result.
I was elated by the prospect of the new job ahead.
The prince was reported to be elated at/by the birth of his new daughter.

elation (noun)
উল্লাস; a state of extreme happiness or excitement
His elation knows no bound.
I do not find any word to express my elation.
There's a sense of elation at having completed a race of such length.

[Binoy]

Word-216 (17-08-12)

elegant (adjective)
1. মনোহর বা আকর্ষণীয়; graceful and attractive in appearance or behaviour
an elegant woman
a very elegant suit / dress / room / restaurant
She was tall and elegant.

2. উতকৃষ্ট; (of a plan or an idea) clever but simple
an elegant idea
an elegant solution to the problem

elegantly (adverb)
সুন্দরভাবে; in an elegant way
elegantly dressed
She walked elegantly down the pavement.

elegance (noun)
উতকর্ষ; state of being elegant
It was her natural elegance that struck me.
the elegance of her clothes
She dresses with casual elegance.
His writing combines elegance and wit.

[Binoy]

Word-217 (18-08-12)

elegy (noun)
শোকগাথা; a sad poem or song, especially remembering someone who has died or something in the past
He has written an elegy in memory of his father’s death.
Gray's 'Elegy in a Country Churchyard' is a famous English poem.

elegiac (adjective)
শোকগাথাবিষয়ক;  relating to an elegy
an elegiac couplet

[Binoy]

Word-218 (19-08-12)

eligible (adjective) [+ for sth / to do sth]
1. যোগ্য; having the necessary qualities or fulfilling the necessary conditions
Are you eligible for early retirement/maternity leave?
You might be eligible for a grant.
Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.
When are you eligible to vote in your country?
Only those over 70 are eligible for the special payment.

2. বিবাহযোগ্য; of someone who is not married and is desirable as a marriage partner, especially because they are rich and attractive
I can think of several eligible bachelors of my acquaintance.

eligibility (noun)
যোগ্যতা; I'll have to check her eligibility to take part.
The eligibility rules prevent under-18s being in the team.
The eligibility criteria for recruitment should be changed.

[Binoy]

Word-219 (20-08-12)

eloquent (adjective)
বক্তব্যে স্পষ্ট; giving a clear, strong message
She made an eloquent appeal for action.
The pictures were an eloquent reminder of the power of the volcano.

eloquently (adverb)
স্পষ্টভাবে; in an eloquent way
He explained eloquently.
She spoke eloquently on the subject.
His face expressed his grief more eloquently than any words.

eloquence (noun)
বক্তব্যে স্পষ্টতা; state of being eloquent
a speech of passionate eloquence
the eloquence of his smile
She was renowned for her eloquence and beauty.

[Binoy]

Word-220 (21-08-12)

embarrass (verb)
বিব্রত করা; to cause someone to feel anxious or uncomfortable
Her questions about my private life embarrassed me.
It embarrassed her to meet strange men in the corridor at night.
You're embarrassing him with your compliments!
I didn't want to embarrass her in front of her friends.
The speech was deliberately designed to embarrass the prime minister.

embarrassed (adjective)
বিব্রত;  feeling ashamed or shy
She felt embarrassed about undressing in front of the doctor.
I was too embarrassed to admit that I was scared.
She’s embarrassed about her height.
He felt embarrassed at being the centre of attention.
Some women are too embarrassed to consult their doctor about the problem.
Her remark was followed by an embarrassed silence.
I’ve never felt so embarrassed in my life!

embarrassing (adjective)
বিব্রতকর;  making you feel embarrassed
an embarrassing mistake / question / situation
It can be embarrassing for children to tell complete strangers about such incidents.
It was so embarrassing having to sing in public.
It's embarrassing to be caught telling a lie.
The report is likely to prove highly embarrassing to the government.

embarrassingly (adverb)
বিব্রতকরভাবে;  in an embarrassing way
an embarrassingly poor performance/loud voice
The play was embarrassingly bad.

embarrassment (noun)
বিব্রতকর অবস্থা;  when you feel embarrassed, or something that makes you feel embarrassed
She blushed with embarrassment.
My parents are an embarrassment to me!
I nearly died of embarrassment when he said that.
I’m glad you offered—it saved me the embarrassment of having to ask.
Much to her embarrassment she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing.
Her resignation will be a severe embarrassment to the party.

an embarrassment of riches 
প্রাচুর্যের বিব্রম্বনা;   so many good things or people that it is impossible to decide which of them you want
He grew up in an embarrassment of riches.

[Binoy]

Word-221 (22-08-12)

embrace (noun)
আলিঙ্গন; the act of holding somebody with arms as a sign of love or friendship
the country’s eager embrace of modern technology
He held her in a warm embrace.
There were tears and embraces as they said goodbye.

embrace (verb)
1.আলিঙ্গন করা; to hold somebody with arms as a sign of love or friendship
She saw them embrace on the station platform.
He leant over to embrace the child.
They embraced and promised to keep in touch.
She embraced her son warmly.

2. সাদরে গ্রহণ করা; to accept something enthusiastically
to embrace democracy / feminism / Islam
This was an opportunity that he would embrace.

3. অন্তর্ভুক্ত করা; to include something, often as one of a number of things
The talks embraced a wide range of issues.
Linguistics embraces a diverse range of subjects such as phonetics and stylistics.

[Binoy]

Word-221 (22-08-12)

emerge (verb)
1. উদয় হওয়া; বেরিয়ে আসা; to appear by coming out of something
The swimmer emerged from the lake.
She emerged from the forest.
She finally emerged from her room at noon.
We emerged into bright sunlight.
No new evidence emerged during the investigation.
It emerged that the company was going to be sold.
After the elections opposition groups began to emerge.
He emerged as a key figure in the campaign
She emerged from the scandal with her reputation intact.

emergence (noun)
আবির্ভাব বা উদ্ভব; the process of appearing
the island’s emergence from the sea 3 000 years ago
the emergence of new technologies
The emergence of small Japanese cars in the 1970s challenged the US and European manufacturers.

emerging (adjective)
উদীয়মান; starting to exist
the emerging markets of South Asia
Western governments should be giving more aid to the emerging democracies of the Third World.

emergent (adjective)
নতুন ও বর্ধমান; new and still developing
emergent nations / states / economies / markets

[Binoy]

Word-222 (23-08-12)

empire (noun)
সাম্রাজ্জ; a group of countries ruled by a single person, government or country
the Roman Empire
the Mughal Empire

empire (noun)
বিশাল ব্যবসা বা প্রতিষ্ঠান;  a very large and important business or organization
a business empire
The company has grown from one small shop to a multi-million-pound empire.

imperial (adjective)
সাম্রাজ্জবিষয়ক;;  connected with an empire
he imperial family / palace / army / grandeur
imperial power / expansion
Imperial China
Britain's imperial past

imperialism (noun)
সাম্রাজ্জবাদ; a system in which a country rules other countries, sometimes having used force to obtain power over them
the age of imperialism
Roman imperialism
cultural  imperialism
She accused the United States of economic imperialism.

imperialist (adjective)
সাম্রাজ্জবাদী; when a country dominates others
an imperialist power
an imperialist power
imperialist ambitions

imperialist (noun)
সাম্রাজ্জবাদী ব্যক্তি; someone who supports imperialism
He is out and out an imperialist.

[Binoy]

Word-223 (24-08-12)

enclose (verb)
1. ঘিরে রাখা; to surround
The yard had been enclosed with iron railings.
The land was enclosed in the seventeenth century.
The park that encloses the monument has recently been enlarged.
Low hedges enclosed the flower beds.
She felt his arms enclose her.
(figurative) All translated words should be enclosed in brackets.

2.  সংযুক্ত করা; to send something in the same envelope or parcel as something else
Please return the completed form, enclosing a recent photograph.
Please enclose a curriculum vitae with your letter of application.

enclosed (adjective)
1. আবদ্ধ;  surrounded by walls, objects or structures
He doesn't like enclosed spaces.
Do not use this substance in an enclosed space.

2.  সংযুক্ত; sent to someone in an envelope with a letter
The enclosed card is for Julia.
Please find enclosed a cheque in settlement of your invoice.
Please complete the enclosed application form.
Please find enclosed a cheque for Tk. 50,000.

enclosure (noun)
1. ঘেরা বা আবদ্ধ স্থান; an enclosed area
the members' enclosure
a wildlife enclosure

2.  ঘের; the act of placing a fence or wall around a piece of land
the enclosure of common land in the seventeenth century
An early example of privatization was the enclosure of public land for use by wealthy landlords.

3. সংযুক্তি; something that is put in the same envelope or parcel as something else
She gave other necessary papers in enclosure.

[Binoy]

Word-224 (25-08-12)

encourage (verb)
উতসাহ দেওয়া; to give sb support, courage or hope
We were encouraged to learn foreign languages at school.
The council is encouraging the development of the property for both employment and recreation.
They've always encouraged me in everything I've wanted to do.
My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career.
We were greatly encouraged by the positive response of the public.
Banks actively encourage people to borrow money.
They claim that some computer games encourage violent behaviour in young children.
Music and lighting are used to encourage shoppers to buy more.
She felt encouraged by their promise of support.

encouraging (adjective)
উতসাহমূলক; making you feel more confidence or hope
There was a lot of positive feedback which was very encouraging.
This month’s unemployment figures are not very encouraging.
You could try being a little more encouraging!

encouragingly (adverb)
উতসাহমূলকভাবে; in an encouraging way
to smile encouragingly
The attendance was encouragingly high.
My mother smiled encouragingly at me as I went up on stage.

encouragement (noun)
উতসাহ; the act of encouraging or word of encouraging
Children need lots of encouragement from their parents.
I could never have achieved this without the encouragement of my husband and family.
The armed forces are now giving positive encouragement to applications from Asians and black people.

[Binoy]

Word-225 (26-08-12)

endure (verb)
1. সহ্য করা; to suffer something difficult, unpleasant or painful
a love that endures all things and never fails
They had to endure a long wait before the case came to trial.
She could not endure the thought of parting.
The pain was almost too great to endure.
He can’t endure being defeated.
He can’t endure to be defeated.
We had to endure a nine-hour delay at the airport.
She's already had to endure three painful operations on her leg.

2. টিকে থাকা; to continue to exist for a long time
a success that will endure
The political system established in 1400 endured until about 1650.

endurable (adjective)
সহ্য করার মতো; in a state to endure
I felt that life was no longer endurable.

endurance (noun)
সহ্যক্ষমতা; the ability to keep doing something difficult, unpleasant or painful for a long time
powers of endurance
He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness.
They were humiliated beyond endurance.
This event tests both physical and mental endurance.
The party turned out to be more of an endurance test than a pleasure.
Running a marathon is a test of human endurance.
The pain was bad beyond endurance.

enduring (adjective)
টেকসই; existing for a long time
enduring memories
the enduring appeal of cartoons
What is the reason for the game’s enduring appeal?
I shall be left with many enduring memories of the time I spent in India.